1
00:00:12,708 --> 00:00:17,708
The French working class
won't politically unite

2
00:00:17,833 --> 00:00:20,083
nor go to the barricades

3
00:00:20,333 --> 00:00:23,833
just for a 12% rise in wages.

4
00:00:24,708 --> 00:00:28,458
In the foreseeable future,
there will be

5
00:00:28,583 --> 00:00:31,833
no capitalist crisis great enough

6
00:00:31,958 --> 00:00:36,458
for the workers to fight
for their vital interests

7
00:00:36,708 --> 00:00:39,333
by a general revolutionary strike

8
00:00:39,542 --> 00:00:41,333
or an armed revolt.

9
00:00:43,292 --> 00:00:48,583
Moreover, the bourgeoisie will never
give up power without a fight

10
00:00:48,792 --> 00:00:53,042
forced on them
by the revolutionary masses.

11
00:00:53,542 --> 00:00:58,667
So the main problem
for socialist tactics

12
00:00:58,833 --> 00:01:03,333
is how to create the objective
and subjective conditions

13
00:01:03,542 --> 00:01:08,333
which make a mass
revolutionary action possible

14
00:01:08,708 --> 00:01:15,083
and which render the use of force
against the bourgeoisie feasible.

15
00:01:15,208 --> 00:01:18,083
THE

16
00:01:20,208 --> 00:01:22,083
What is a word?

17
00:01:22,333 --> 00:01:25,083
A word is what's unsaid.

18
00:01:25,708 --> 00:01:26,958
And you?

19
00:01:27,833 --> 00:01:28,958
Me?

20
00:01:30,208 --> 00:01:33,333
Both sides against the other.

21
00:01:33,458 --> 00:01:34,583
Me.

22
00:01:35,208 --> 00:01:36,458
No, you,

23
00:01:36,708 --> 00:01:39,208
who tries to tame
the unforgettable

24
00:01:39,333 --> 00:01:41,333
that might surprise us.

25
00:01:42,083 --> 00:01:43,708
Myself now.

26
00:01:44,208 --> 00:01:47,583
The you of excuses and rejections.

27
00:01:48,583 --> 00:01:50,708
And us now?

28
00:01:52,333 --> 00:01:54,958
We are the words of others.

29
00:02:02,208 --> 00:02:05,333
WE SHOULD REPLACE VAGUE
IDEAS WITH CLEAR IMAGES

30
00:02:05,458 --> 00:02:06,708
They know?

31
00:02:08,208 --> 00:02:09,458
No.

32
00:02:10,583 --> 00:02:12,958
Are they gone long?

33
00:02:14,542 --> 00:02:15,792
All summer.

34
00:02:15,958 --> 00:02:17,708
What do the parents do?

35
00:02:19,042 --> 00:02:21,792
They own factories or something.

36
00:02:23,583 --> 00:02:26,542
But Veronique is a close friend?

37
00:02:26,708 --> 00:02:28,208
I don't think so.

38
00:02:30,292 --> 00:02:32,167
Still, it's nice of them.

39
00:02:32,333 --> 00:02:34,833
Liberalism in militant groups

40
00:02:35,042 --> 00:02:38,292
based on collectivism
is very harmful.

41
00:02:42,333 --> 00:02:45,458
Liberalism deprives the revolution

42
00:02:45,708 --> 00:02:49,208
of solid organisation
and strict discipline.

43
00:02:58,917 --> 00:03:01,333
This is Radio Peking.

44
00:03:08,833 --> 00:03:12,792
During last June and July,

45
00:03:12,958 --> 00:03:15,708
when the Red Guard appeared,

46
00:03:15,917 --> 00:03:21,708
Mao was aware
of their vast vitality

47
00:03:21,958 --> 00:03:25,333
and gave them his warm support.

48
00:03:26,083 --> 00:03:27,958
In a very short time,

49
00:03:28,167 --> 00:03:32,208
Red Guards were created in schools,

50
00:03:32,417 --> 00:03:34,292
in many factories

51
00:03:34,458 --> 00:03:36,542
and throughout the country.

52
00:03:37,208 --> 00:03:41,542
They became an army
for the Cultural Revolution.

53
00:03:43,708 --> 00:03:46,583
THE IMPERIALISTS

54
00:03:46,833 --> 00:03:49,458
God, why have you forsaken me?

55
00:03:50,208 --> 00:03:52,458
Because I don't exist.

56
00:03:54,083 --> 00:03:56,083
This is Radio Peking.

57
00:03:59,667 --> 00:04:01,917
The cell needs a name.

58
00:04:02,583 --> 00:04:04,208
Remember Paul Nizan?

59
00:04:05,042 --> 00:04:06,542
The conspirator.

60
00:04:06,708 --> 00:04:09,042
He wrote a novel, Aden Arabia.

61
00:04:10,208 --> 00:04:11,833
Cell Aden Arabia.

62
00:04:12,083 --> 00:04:13,083
Right.

63
00:04:13,292 --> 00:04:17,833
A MINORITY WITH THE RIGHT
IDEAS IS NOT A MINORITY

64
00:04:19,042 --> 00:04:21,708
- He was beaten.
- By whom?

65
00:04:21,958 --> 00:04:24,708
- I'll get some water.
- By whom?

66
00:04:27,583 --> 00:04:28,958
A commando.

67
00:04:30,458 --> 00:04:32,458
Hurt? Was it fascists?

68
00:04:33,333 --> 00:04:36,083
No, Communists.

69
00:04:37,208 --> 00:04:38,958
Now, right away, where?

70
00:04:39,583 --> 00:04:43,583
The meeting
on the Cultural Revolution.

71
00:04:44,083 --> 00:04:47,083
The Sorbonne Marxist-Leninist
group?

72
00:04:50,708 --> 00:04:53,208
I told you they were disgusting.

73
00:04:53,333 --> 00:04:56,208
An enemy attack is a good thing.

74
00:04:56,458 --> 00:05:00,458
It proves we've made
a clear distinction to separate us.

75
00:05:00,708 --> 00:05:02,708
A FILM IN THE MAKING

76
00:05:02,833 --> 00:05:06,833
In her eyes are fear
andinnocence“.

77
00:05:06,958 --> 00:05:07,958
Humility.

78
00:05:08,083 --> 00:05:11,708
Not of a servant,
but a friend and a woman,

79
00:05:12,583 --> 00:05:14,958
with a wide and precise mouth,

80
00:05:15,083 --> 00:05:16,708
not persuasive but loyal.

81
00:05:16,833 --> 00:05:20,958
A kind forehead
willingly bending in silence.

82
00:05:21,208 --> 00:05:22,583
In all that,

83
00:05:23,708 --> 00:05:27,333
agreement can only be guessed.

84
00:05:27,833 --> 00:05:29,458
Not in pain or success...

85
00:05:29,708 --> 00:05:34,083
as if from a scattered past,
something serious appeared.

86
00:05:39,833 --> 00:05:40,833
An actor?

87
00:05:42,458 --> 00:05:44,708
It's hard to say.

88
00:05:47,583 --> 00:05:49,708
Yes, yes, I'm an actor.

89
00:05:55,208 --> 00:05:58,583
I'll show you something.
It's an idea of what theatre is.

90
00:06:00,583 --> 00:06:04,708
Young Chinese students
demonstrated in Moscow

91
00:06:04,958 --> 00:06:08,958
and of course the Russian police
beat them up.

92
00:06:09,208 --> 00:06:11,083
The next day, in protest,

93
00:06:11,333 --> 00:06:14,083
the Chinese met in front of
their embassy

94
00:06:14,333 --> 00:06:17,458
with all the Western reporters.

95
00:06:17,583 --> 00:06:21,958
Guys from Life,
France Soir and so on.

96
00:06:23,333 --> 00:06:25,208
And a student came up,

97
00:06:26,083 --> 00:06:29,458
his face covered with bandages

98
00:06:29,958 --> 00:06:31,458
and started yelling.

99
00:06:31,708 --> 00:06:33,958
Look what they did to me.

100
00:06:34,083 --> 00:06:36,708
Look what
the dirty revisionists did.

101
00:06:37,958 --> 00:06:40,708
So the reporters rushed over

102
00:06:40,958 --> 00:06:42,583
and began taking photos

103
00:06:42,708 --> 00:06:44,458
as he removed the bandages.

104
00:06:44,708 --> 00:06:46,708
They expected a cut face,

105
00:06:46,958 --> 00:06:50,333
covered with blood or something.

106
00:06:50,458 --> 00:06:53,583
And he carefully removed
his bandages

107
00:06:53,833 --> 00:06:55,958
as they took pictures.

108
00:06:56,583 --> 00:06:57,958
When they were all off,

109
00:06:58,208 --> 00:07:01,958
they realised his face was alright.

110
00:07:02,083 --> 00:07:04,583
So the reporters began yelling,

111
00:07:04,833 --> 00:07:06,833
This Chinaman's a fake.

112
00:07:07,083 --> 00:07:08,833
He's a clown, what is this?

113
00:07:09,333 --> 00:07:11,958
But they hadn't understood.

114
00:07:12,833 --> 00:07:15,583
They didn't realise it was theatre.

115
00:07:16,208 --> 00:07:17,708
Real theatre.

116
00:07:18,958 --> 00:07:20,333
Reflection on reality.

117
00:07:20,583 --> 00:07:22,208
I mean,

118
00:07:22,333 --> 00:07:24,083
like Brecht or Shakespeare.

119
00:07:26,208 --> 00:07:30,583
UNION: COMMUNIST YOUTH
(MARXIST-LENINIST)

120
00:07:35,208 --> 00:07:38,833
We must be different
from our parents.

121
00:07:40,583 --> 00:07:44,333
My father fought the Germans
hard in the war.

122
00:07:44,583 --> 00:07:47,958
Now he runs a Club Med resort.

123
00:07:48,583 --> 00:07:50,958
A big holiday camp by the sea.

124
00:07:51,583 --> 00:07:52,958
What's terrible is

125
00:07:53,208 --> 00:07:56,583
he doesn't realise
that it's made exactly

126
00:07:56,708 --> 00:08:00,833
along the lines
of the concentration camps.

127
00:08:05,833 --> 00:08:07,333
A socialist theatre?

128
00:08:09,208 --> 00:08:10,708
No, I don't know.

129
00:08:12,083 --> 00:08:13,583
I'm looking.

130
00:08:17,458 --> 00:08:20,833
Yes, yes... Mao's ideas can help me.

131
00:08:23,708 --> 00:08:28,583
In any case, you need sincerity
and violence.

132
00:08:33,833 --> 00:08:36,333
You're getting a kick out of this.

133
00:08:36,458 --> 00:08:39,083
Like I'm joking for the film,

134
00:08:39,333 --> 00:08:42,333
because of all the technicians here.

135
00:08:42,958 --> 00:08:44,333
But that's not it.

136
00:08:46,042 --> 00:08:48,083
It's not because of a camera.

137
00:08:48,333 --> 00:08:49,833
I'm sincere.

138
00:09:03,917 --> 00:09:06,042
Yes... in China,

139
00:09:06,208 --> 00:09:08,333
the leaps forward

140
00:09:08,458 --> 00:09:12,583
by the Peking Opera were wonderful.

141
00:09:13,542 --> 00:09:15,458
And in Europe, in France?

142
00:09:16,583 --> 00:09:20,083
In Milan, Strehler does good work.

143
00:09:20,292 --> 00:09:21,417
Yes, he has...

144
00:09:21,583 --> 00:09:26,208
There's a great Althusser text
about a Brecht play...

145
00:09:27,667 --> 00:09:29,833
...and I've made it mine.

146
00:09:31,083 --> 00:09:32,542
I turn around...

147
00:09:35,292 --> 00:09:37,583
And suddenly the question is...

148
00:09:39,417 --> 00:09:44,042
are the words I've just said,
so awkwardly and blindly...

149
00:09:45,542 --> 00:09:51,458
part of a greater play
continuing through me

150
00:09:52,958 --> 00:09:56,167
a worker in the world theatre.

151
00:09:56,583 --> 00:09:58,208
The sense incomplete...

152
00:10:00,208 --> 00:10:03,417
looking through and with me...

153
00:10:03,583 --> 00:10:06,958
all the actors and settings

154
00:10:07,167 --> 00:10:09,208
of the silent oration.

155
00:10:11,833 --> 00:10:13,458
That's why I'm speaking.

156
00:10:15,458 --> 00:10:16,583
Yes, that's why.

157
00:10:16,792 --> 00:10:18,583
Cut, fine. Take five.

158
00:10:22,833 --> 00:10:23,833
Go ahead.

159
00:10:29,458 --> 00:10:31,083
I'll go with Serge.

160
00:10:31,333 --> 00:10:32,792
Don't I get a kiss?

161
00:10:33,458 --> 00:10:35,667
You said we'd go see 8 1/2.

162
00:10:35,833 --> 00:10:36,792
Bye.

163
00:10:36,958 --> 00:10:38,208
It's disgusting.

164
00:10:38,417 --> 00:10:41,458
He always goes if I want him to stay.

165
00:10:44,708 --> 00:10:46,708
It's a starting point.

166
00:10:46,958 --> 00:10:48,458
Politics

167
00:10:48,833 --> 00:10:52,958
are the starting point
of practical revolutionary action.

168
00:10:53,208 --> 00:10:54,208
I don't get it.

169
00:10:58,333 --> 00:10:59,958
You're too much.

170
00:11:00,917 --> 00:11:02,167
I don't understand.

171
00:11:03,083 --> 00:11:05,833
Now listen carefully, Yvonne,
it's easy.

172
00:11:07,458 --> 00:11:11,917
All revolutionary party action
is applied policy.

173
00:11:12,833 --> 00:11:14,833
If it's the wrong policy,

174
00:11:15,083 --> 00:11:16,667
it's the wrong politics.

175
00:11:17,792 --> 00:11:20,958
If you're unaware, you're blind.

176
00:11:22,458 --> 00:11:25,667
Why are you doing dishes,
for example?

177
00:11:25,833 --> 00:11:27,208
To clean them.

178
00:11:27,458 --> 00:11:29,417
Then you've understood.

179
00:11:30,917 --> 00:11:34,083
So 1967 France is like dirty dishes.

180
00:11:34,292 --> 00:11:35,292
Yeah.

181
00:11:40,042 --> 00:11:41,667
On a farm

182
00:11:41,833 --> 00:11:43,833
near Grenoble.

183
00:11:44,708 --> 00:11:46,208
It's a small village.

184
00:11:48,042 --> 00:11:51,208
5am in summer, 7am in winter.

185
00:11:54,417 --> 00:11:57,333
Light the fire, then go to the dairy.

186
00:11:57,583 --> 00:12:01,458
My brother's meal, then the pigs,
clean the stable.

187
00:12:01,667 --> 00:12:06,083
Lunch, the dishes,
washing, the mending.

188
00:12:06,292 --> 00:12:09,917
Usually had no time to mend.

189
00:12:11,083 --> 00:12:15,083
In the afternoon,
gather the eggs, then dinner.

190
00:12:15,333 --> 00:12:17,083
Then feed the calves.

191
00:12:17,208 --> 00:12:21,208
Light the lights in the hen-house.

192
00:12:22,792 --> 00:12:25,167
Then make yoghurt.

193
00:12:25,583 --> 00:12:30,958
Neocapitalist society
won't look at its own face...

194
00:12:32,208 --> 00:12:37,333
I arrived in Paris in 1960.
No, '65...

195
00:12:38,542 --> 00:12:41,458
Yes... sorry, in '64.

196
00:12:42,667 --> 00:12:46,958
Cleaning lady for three years.

197
00:12:48,333 --> 00:12:51,167
It's nice here on the top floor.

198
00:12:51,917 --> 00:12:53,833
It's well lit, airy.

199
00:12:54,083 --> 00:12:56,917
You know I worked at Passy before.

200
00:12:58,458 --> 00:13:03,083
Then at Auteuil
in those big bourgeois flats

201
00:13:03,292 --> 00:13:05,833
on the first floor.

202
00:13:06,042 --> 00:13:07,417
It's always so dark.

203
00:13:07,583 --> 00:13:09,708
I had to sweep in the dark.

204
00:13:09,917 --> 00:13:12,292
Already the metro was dark.

205
00:13:12,458 --> 00:13:15,333
So I went from dark to darkness.

206
00:13:16,708 --> 00:13:17,792
Always black.

207
00:13:17,958 --> 00:13:21,958
Then back into the dark metro
after work.

208
00:13:22,708 --> 00:13:27,792
Whereas here they talk and discuss.

209
00:13:27,958 --> 00:13:30,542
It's very clear for me.

210
00:13:33,167 --> 00:13:36,667
I used to talk while milking cows,

211
00:13:36,833 --> 00:13:38,458
mostly with strangers.

212
00:13:39,708 --> 00:13:44,208
In the country
women are pretty lost.

213
00:13:47,333 --> 00:13:49,458
Yes, I did some prostitution.

214
00:13:50,292 --> 00:13:51,458
Nearly a year...

215
00:13:52,958 --> 00:13:56,333
over by Stalingrad where I lived,

216
00:13:56,583 --> 00:13:59,458
and then on the Champs Elysees

217
00:13:59,667 --> 00:14:03,958
after I'd bought a car
with my money.

218
00:14:04,167 --> 00:14:07,417
A Fiat 850 convertible.

219
00:14:11,417 --> 00:14:13,917
When money's short, I still do it.

220
00:14:14,083 --> 00:14:18,792
When Henri can't sell
Red Guard for example,

221
00:14:18,958 --> 00:14:22,208
or when Veronique
can't find work teaching.

222
00:14:23,667 --> 00:14:25,917
I know it's a contradiction.

223
00:14:26,083 --> 00:14:27,833
Besides, Henri...

224
00:14:35,167 --> 00:14:36,917
...says I'm living proof

225
00:14:37,083 --> 00:14:40,958
of the answer
to the people's contradictions.

226
00:14:44,208 --> 00:14:47,208
I don't trust the Russians so much.

227
00:14:48,958 --> 00:14:51,792
When we screamed "US killers",

228
00:14:51,958 --> 00:14:54,417
all they could answer was,

229
00:14:54,583 --> 00:14:56,417
Red Guard killers.

230
00:14:56,583 --> 00:14:59,083
So I distrust them.

231
00:15:01,542 --> 00:15:03,458
Marxism-Leninism?

232
00:15:04,958 --> 00:15:06,417
Definitions.

233
00:15:09,333 --> 00:15:12,583
When the sun sets, it's all red.

234
00:15:12,833 --> 00:15:14,292
Then it disappears.

235
00:15:14,458 --> 00:15:19,083
But in my heart the sun never sets.

236
00:15:20,083 --> 00:15:23,333
Dictatorship is needed
to stop thieves,

237
00:15:23,542 --> 00:15:25,958
crooks, killers,

238
00:15:26,167 --> 00:15:29,083
pyromaniacs, gangs

239
00:15:29,292 --> 00:15:33,833
and all other evil minds
that upset public order.

240
00:15:38,458 --> 00:15:42,167
A Communist is frank,
open-minded, devoted,

241
00:15:42,333 --> 00:15:45,583
putting the revolution
before his life,

242
00:15:45,833 --> 00:15:48,208
above any personal interests.

243
00:15:48,458 --> 00:15:51,458
He must always hold
to just principles

244
00:15:51,667 --> 00:15:54,833
and fight any wrong ideas
or actions

245
00:15:55,083 --> 00:15:57,833
so as to help
the collective Party life

246
00:15:58,042 --> 00:16:00,542
reinforcing ties with the masses.

247
00:16:00,708 --> 00:16:04,583
He will think more of the Party
than the individual.

248
00:16:04,792 --> 00:16:07,417
He'll care for others
more than himself.

249
00:16:07,583 --> 00:16:10,333
Then he'll deserve
the name 'Communist'.

250
00:16:11,042 --> 00:16:15,167
A Communist must always
ask himself why

251
00:16:15,333 --> 00:16:16,958
and think carefully

252
00:16:17,208 --> 00:16:21,333
to see if everything
conforms to reality.

253
00:16:23,667 --> 00:16:27,208
A Communist is never infallible,

254
00:16:27,458 --> 00:16:29,208
should never be arrogant

255
00:16:29,458 --> 00:16:32,917
and never think things
are OK only at home.

256
00:16:44,167 --> 00:16:45,958
The history of mankind

257
00:16:46,167 --> 00:16:49,042
is a continual progress
from necessity

258
00:16:49,208 --> 00:16:51,333
to the reign of liberty.

259
00:16:51,708 --> 00:16:54,083
What's for Monday?

260
00:16:54,792 --> 00:16:56,583
Crime and politics.

261
00:17:00,542 --> 00:17:03,333
THE IMPERIALISTS ARE STILL

262
00:17:03,667 --> 00:17:09,583
The student revolutionary movement
has grown.

263
00:17:10,083 --> 00:17:13,042
The white-collar
revolutionary struggle

264
00:17:13,208 --> 00:17:17,417
has spread among the workers
and peasants.

265
00:17:17,583 --> 00:17:19,042
This is Radio Peking.

266
00:17:19,417 --> 00:17:23,292
Comrades, that is the latest
news bulletin.

267
00:17:31,958 --> 00:17:34,458
- This is Omar.
- Louder.

268
00:17:34,708 --> 00:17:39,083
This is Omar, a comrade
in philosophy at Nanterre.

269
00:17:40,583 --> 00:17:41,958
That's enough.

270
00:17:43,458 --> 00:17:45,333
Comrades and friends...

271
00:17:46,458 --> 00:17:50,208
In addition
to his crimes and faults,

272
00:17:50,333 --> 00:17:53,083
those who blame Stalin...

273
00:17:55,333 --> 00:17:57,208
for all our deceptions,

274
00:17:57,708 --> 00:18:02,333
our mistakes and despair
in any sphere.

275
00:18:02,458 --> 00:18:05,583
They might be very upset

276
00:18:05,833 --> 00:18:09,583
to realise the end
of intellectual totalitarianism...

277
00:18:09,833 --> 00:18:11,958
- That's dogmatism.
- If you like.

278
00:18:12,083 --> 00:18:14,583
The end of intellectual dogmatism

279
00:18:14,833 --> 00:18:16,833
hasn't given us Marxism

280
00:18:17,083 --> 00:18:19,083
in its complete form.

281
00:18:19,333 --> 00:18:22,083
After all, we can only liberate

282
00:18:22,333 --> 00:18:25,833
what already exists,
even from dogmatism.

283
00:18:25,958 --> 00:18:31,083
Stalin's death meant
freedom for research

284
00:18:31,333 --> 00:18:36,958
and a fever of people rushing
to philosophise

285
00:18:37,208 --> 00:18:41,083
about their feelings
on liberation

286
00:18:41,333 --> 00:18:43,458
and their taste for freedom.

287
00:18:50,458 --> 00:18:52,333
Stalin's death gave us

288
00:18:52,583 --> 00:18:57,083
the right to count exactly
what we own.

289
00:18:57,208 --> 00:18:59,958
To call both wealth
and nakedness...

290
00:19:00,083 --> 00:19:01,708
by their real names,

291
00:19:01,958 --> 00:19:04,958
to think and talk aloud
about our problems

292
00:19:05,708 --> 00:19:09,208
and to undertake serious research.

293
00:19:09,458 --> 00:19:11,958
Stalin's death allowed us

294
00:19:12,208 --> 00:19:15,833
to get partially away
from our provincial theories.

295
00:19:16,583 --> 00:19:21,708
To recognise and know the existence
of others aside from us

296
00:19:21,958 --> 00:19:26,833
and seeing this exterior,
begin to see ourselves better.

297
00:19:26,958 --> 00:19:30,208
To know the place we occupy
in the knowledge

298
00:19:30,458 --> 00:19:32,208
and ignorance of Marxism

299
00:19:32,333 --> 00:19:35,958
and then begin to know ourselves.

300
00:19:38,958 --> 00:19:44,208
Today's task is simply to define,

301
00:19:44,458 --> 00:19:47,083
to face these problems
in the light of day

302
00:19:47,333 --> 00:19:50,083
if we want to give some existence

303
00:19:50,208 --> 00:19:54,583
and consistency
to Marxist philosophy.

304
00:19:55,083 --> 00:19:56,958
Any questions?

305
00:19:57,583 --> 00:20:00,208
Can a non-socialist revolution

306
00:20:00,458 --> 00:20:04,708
peacefully be changed
into a socialist one?

307
00:20:04,958 --> 00:20:07,708
Yes, under specific conditions.

308
00:20:08,333 --> 00:20:10,083
But never can

309
00:20:10,333 --> 00:20:13,833
an absence of revolution
be changed to revolution,

310
00:20:13,958 --> 00:20:18,208
nor into a socialist revolution,
and even to socialism.

311
00:20:18,458 --> 00:20:21,208
No matter how you look at it,

312
00:20:21,458 --> 00:20:26,083
the road to socialism
leads to revolution.

313
00:20:26,333 --> 00:20:30,583
But your question reveals
a false underlying notion.

314
00:20:31,958 --> 00:20:34,083
Where do just ideas arise?

315
00:20:34,833 --> 00:20:37,208
Where do just ideas come from?

316
00:20:39,583 --> 00:20:40,708
Out of the sky.

317
00:20:42,208 --> 00:20:47,583
No, they come
from social interaction, and...

318
00:20:47,708 --> 00:20:49,333
The fight to produce?

319
00:20:49,583 --> 00:20:50,458
Yes, and then...

320
00:20:56,083 --> 00:20:58,458
From scientific research.

321
00:20:59,083 --> 00:21:02,208
Yes, and what else?

322
00:21:03,833 --> 00:21:06,583
From the class struggle.

323
00:21:06,833 --> 00:21:10,833
Some classes are victorious,
others defeated.

324
00:21:11,083 --> 00:21:13,083
That's history.

325
00:21:13,333 --> 00:21:16,708
The history of all civilizations.

326
00:21:17,458 --> 00:21:20,708
Will it end
under proletarian dictatorship?

327
00:21:20,958 --> 00:21:23,458
No. In his speech

328
00:21:23,583 --> 00:21:25,833
to the transport workers

329
00:21:25,958 --> 00:21:27,833
on 29 March 1921,

330
00:21:28,333 --> 00:21:30,458
Lenin showed

331
00:21:30,708 --> 00:21:34,958
class struggle doesn't disappear
under proletarian dictatorship.

332
00:21:35,083 --> 00:21:37,833
It takes on other forms.

333
00:21:38,708 --> 00:21:44,083
As is happening in Russia today.

334
00:21:44,208 --> 00:21:50,083
Yes, in spite of the lies of the duo,
Brezhnev - Kosygin.

335
00:21:51,458 --> 00:21:54,458
Give up illusions
and prepare to fight.

336
00:21:54,708 --> 00:21:57,583
This world is as much yours as ours.

337
00:21:57,833 --> 00:21:59,708
Hope lies with you.

338
00:21:59,833 --> 00:22:02,208
To work is to fight

339
00:22:02,333 --> 00:22:07,083
and you must seek truth
in the facts.

340
00:22:07,333 --> 00:22:09,708
But exactly what is a fact?

341
00:22:10,708 --> 00:22:13,833
Facts are things and phenomena

342
00:22:14,083 --> 00:22:17,333
as they exist objectively.

343
00:22:17,583 --> 00:22:21,333
Truth is the link between things
and phenomena.

344
00:22:21,458 --> 00:22:23,583
Which is to say the laws.

345
00:22:23,833 --> 00:22:26,208
To seek is to study.

346
00:22:26,333 --> 00:22:27,708
We must begin

347
00:22:27,958 --> 00:22:31,083
with the internal
and external situation

348
00:22:31,208 --> 00:22:34,708
going from country to country.

349
00:22:34,833 --> 00:22:39,208
Sort out the laws that apply
to serve as guides

350
00:22:39,458 --> 00:22:42,958
and not use our imaginations.

351
00:22:44,583 --> 00:22:47,958
Which is to say find
the internal ties in events

352
00:22:48,208 --> 00:22:49,833
occurring around us.

353
00:22:49,958 --> 00:22:52,583
What made me discover Marxism?

354
00:22:52,833 --> 00:22:54,708
At first Nanterre bored me,

355
00:22:54,833 --> 00:22:57,458
because it was surrounded by slums.

356
00:22:57,583 --> 00:22:59,083
Then little by little,

357
00:22:59,208 --> 00:23:03,458
I found philosophy suited
a worker's suburb.

358
00:23:11,458 --> 00:23:15,208
We and the workers
lived like penned rabbits.

359
00:23:15,333 --> 00:23:17,333
But rabbits multiply.

360
00:23:18,958 --> 00:23:21,958
And in the mornings
I met the Algerian children

361
00:23:22,208 --> 00:23:24,208
and the mechanics from Simca.

362
00:23:28,458 --> 00:23:30,333
Right, so...

363
00:23:30,583 --> 00:23:32,708
I thought I passed them by,

364
00:23:32,958 --> 00:23:35,333
but we stopped in the same cafes.

365
00:23:35,583 --> 00:23:37,583
We were at the station together,

366
00:23:37,833 --> 00:23:40,708
had the same rain
and nearly the same work.

367
00:23:43,708 --> 00:23:46,083
That's where I understood

368
00:23:46,333 --> 00:23:49,458
the three basic inequalities
of capitalism

369
00:23:49,708 --> 00:23:52,833
and especially
of the Gaullist regime in France.

370
00:23:53,833 --> 00:23:58,208
No difference in intellectual
and manual work

371
00:23:58,458 --> 00:24:00,333
between town and country.

372
00:24:00,458 --> 00:24:04,208
I see those here all the time.

373
00:24:04,458 --> 00:24:06,958
Third, between farming and industry.

374
00:24:07,208 --> 00:24:12,333
That also pushed me
to study Marxism-Leninism.

375
00:24:13,083 --> 00:24:15,458
Seriously, if I were brave,

376
00:24:15,708 --> 00:24:19,833
I'd dynamite the Sorbonne,
the Louvre, the Comedie-Frangaise.

377
00:24:20,083 --> 00:24:21,083
Really?

378
00:24:26,208 --> 00:24:28,208
The revolution's no party.

379
00:24:28,458 --> 00:24:31,583
It's not made like a work of art.

380
00:24:31,833 --> 00:24:36,083
It can't be done
with elegance and peace of mind,

381
00:24:36,208 --> 00:24:38,958
with such tenderness and manners

382
00:24:39,208 --> 00:24:41,333
with reserve and generosity.

383
00:24:41,583 --> 00:24:44,208
Revolution is a violent uprising

384
00:24:44,458 --> 00:24:47,208
when one class overthrows another.

385
00:24:47,708 --> 00:24:49,583
I'm in the philosophy class.

386
00:25:00,083 --> 00:25:02,708
I know I'm cut off from the workers.

387
00:25:02,958 --> 00:25:05,333
After all, my family are bankers.

388
00:25:05,583 --> 00:25:07,333
I've always lived with them.

389
00:25:09,958 --> 00:25:11,833
None of that's very clear.

390
00:25:12,458 --> 00:25:15,958
That's exactly why
I keep on studying.

391
00:25:19,208 --> 00:25:22,833
To understand first
and then to change,

392
00:25:22,958 --> 00:25:25,833
and then formulate a theory.

393
00:25:33,458 --> 00:25:36,208
For myself, for example.

394
00:25:38,333 --> 00:25:41,208
Not based on misery,
but prosperity.

395
00:25:42,833 --> 00:25:44,708
Since I often profit from it.

396
00:25:46,333 --> 00:25:48,208
Even if I am ashamed of it.

397
00:25:48,458 --> 00:25:50,708
You often hear "a quick retort",

398
00:25:50,833 --> 00:25:52,958
what does that mean?

399
00:25:53,208 --> 00:25:54,583
Quick retort?

400
00:25:57,208 --> 00:26:00,083
For us it's to first eliminate exams.

401
00:26:02,333 --> 00:26:04,958
Since we learn nothing
and can't copy

402
00:26:05,083 --> 00:26:06,833
and it's a kind of racism,

403
00:26:07,083 --> 00:26:10,458
since they're
for full-time students

404
00:26:10,833 --> 00:26:14,708
and create anxiety
and sexual frustration.

405
00:26:16,458 --> 00:26:19,083
Should books be burned?

406
00:26:20,708 --> 00:26:22,583
No, they shouldn't.

407
00:26:23,083 --> 00:26:25,333
We couldn't criticize them then.

408
00:26:25,958 --> 00:26:28,083
And youth all aflame
holds nothing back.

409
00:26:28,208 --> 00:26:30,458
Hate, love, sorrow, happiness.

410
00:26:30,708 --> 00:26:32,583
It is ready to pour out its heart.

411
00:26:32,708 --> 00:26:36,333
In love like an invalid,
Onéguine...

412
00:26:38,208 --> 00:26:40,458
With a serious look, Onéguine

413
00:26:40,583 --> 00:26:42,958
listened to the poet's heart

414
00:26:43,083 --> 00:26:46,333
reveal its guileless awareness.

415
00:27:05,083 --> 00:27:06,583
I want to be blind.

416
00:27:07,583 --> 00:27:08,708
Why?

417
00:27:09,833 --> 00:27:13,708
To speak to each other better.
We'd listen carefully.

418
00:27:14,833 --> 00:27:16,333
Yes, how?

419
00:27:17,083 --> 00:27:19,583
We'd use language differently.

420
00:27:21,458 --> 00:27:25,083
Don't forget in 2,000 years
words have changed meaning.

421
00:27:25,958 --> 00:27:27,083
So?

422
00:27:29,083 --> 00:27:32,833
So, we'd talk seriously
to each other.

423
00:27:33,083 --> 00:27:34,458
Which means

424
00:27:35,333 --> 00:27:38,083
finally meanings
would change words.

425
00:27:41,208 --> 00:27:42,458
Right.

426
00:27:43,208 --> 00:27:46,333
Talk as if words were
sounds and matter.

427
00:27:48,583 --> 00:27:49,583
That's...

428
00:27:50,833 --> 00:27:52,958
what they are.

429
00:27:54,333 --> 00:27:55,583
Veronique.

430
00:27:57,333 --> 00:27:59,333
Right, let's try then.

431
00:28:01,833 --> 00:28:03,583
On the river bank.

432
00:28:05,583 --> 00:28:07,333
Green and blue.

433
00:28:08,333 --> 00:28:09,583
Tenderness.

434
00:28:11,583 --> 00:28:13,208
A bit of despair.

435
00:28:13,833 --> 00:28:15,333
After tomorrow.

436
00:28:15,458 --> 00:28:16,833
Maybe.

437
00:28:18,833 --> 00:28:20,583
Literary theory.

438
00:28:21,958 --> 00:28:23,833
A film by Nicolas.

439
00:28:25,083 --> 00:28:26,333
Ray.

440
00:28:27,083 --> 00:28:30,333
The Moscow trials.

441
00:28:32,833 --> 00:28:34,458
Red bird.

442
00:28:34,708 --> 00:28:35,833
Rock...

443
00:28:38,583 --> 00:28:39,958
and roll.

444
00:28:40,833 --> 00:28:42,333
Et cetera.

445
00:28:48,708 --> 00:28:50,333
You know I love you.

446
00:30:09,708 --> 00:30:11,333
The...

447
00:30:11,708 --> 00:30:12,958
theoretical...

448
00:30:13,958 --> 00:30:15,208
base“.

449
00:30:15,958 --> 00:30:17,208
Which...

450
00:30:17,833 --> 00:30:19,208
serves...

451
00:30:19,833 --> 00:30:21,333
8S...

452
00:30:21,458 --> 00:30:22,708
a guide...

453
00:30:22,833 --> 00:30:24,083
in...

454
00:30:24,208 --> 00:30:25,458
OUT...

455
00:30:25,708 --> 00:30:27,208
thinking...

456
00:30:27,333 --> 00:30:28,333
is...

457
00:30:28,583 --> 00:30:29,708
Marxism...

458
00:30:30,083 --> 00:30:31,333
Leninism.

459
00:30:35,833 --> 00:30:38,708
THE IMPERIALISTS ARE STILL ALIVE

460
00:30:45,083 --> 00:30:46,833
Comrades and friends.

461
00:30:46,958 --> 00:30:48,583
Today is current events.

462
00:30:48,833 --> 00:30:51,583
We see them daily at the movies.

463
00:30:51,708 --> 00:30:56,458
There's a false idea
about current events at the movies.

464
00:30:57,583 --> 00:31:00,333
They say Lumiere
invented current events.

465
00:31:01,708 --> 00:31:03,583
He made documentaries.

466
00:31:03,833 --> 00:31:05,833
But there was also Melies,

467
00:31:06,083 --> 00:31:08,458
who made fiction.

468
00:31:08,583 --> 00:31:11,333
He was a dreamer filming fantasies.

469
00:31:11,708 --> 00:31:13,458
I think just the opposite.

470
00:31:13,708 --> 00:31:14,958
Prove it.

471
00:31:16,083 --> 00:31:19,583
Two days ago
I saw a film by Mr Langlois,

472
00:31:19,708 --> 00:31:22,583
the director of the Cinematheque,
about Lumiere.

473
00:31:22,708 --> 00:31:25,833
It proves Lumiere was a painter.

474
00:31:27,083 --> 00:31:29,583
He filmed the same things

475
00:31:29,833 --> 00:31:33,458
painters were painting at that time,

476
00:31:33,708 --> 00:31:35,833
men like Charo, Manet or Renoir.

477
00:31:36,083 --> 00:31:37,083
What did he film?

478
00:31:37,208 --> 00:31:39,833
He filmed train stations.

479
00:31:40,083 --> 00:31:42,583
He filmed public gardens,

480
00:31:42,708 --> 00:31:44,333
workers going home,

481
00:31:44,458 --> 00:31:45,708
men playing cards.

482
00:31:45,958 --> 00:31:47,083
He filmed trams.

483
00:31:47,333 --> 00:31:50,083
One of the last great
Impressionists?

484
00:31:50,333 --> 00:31:53,458
Exactly, a contemporary of Proust.

485
00:31:53,708 --> 00:31:55,958
So Melies did the same thing.

486
00:31:56,208 --> 00:31:59,208
No, what was Melies doing
at that time?

487
00:31:59,458 --> 00:32:01,833
He filmed a trip to the moon.

488
00:32:02,083 --> 00:32:06,333
Melies filmed

489
00:32:06,458 --> 00:32:10,083
the King of Yugoslavia's visit
to President Fallieres.

490
00:32:10,208 --> 00:32:11,833
And now in perspective,

491
00:32:12,083 --> 00:32:15,333
we realise
those were the current events.

492
00:32:15,458 --> 00:32:17,458
No kidding, it's true.

493
00:32:18,208 --> 00:32:22,833
He made current events.
They were re-enacted, alright.

494
00:32:23,083 --> 00:32:25,083
Yet they were the real events.

495
00:32:25,333 --> 00:32:27,833
I'd even say
Melies was like Brecht.

496
00:32:28,958 --> 00:32:30,833
We mustn't forget that.

497
00:32:30,958 --> 00:32:32,833
And why mustn't we?

498
00:32:33,083 --> 00:32:34,708
Why mustn't we?

499
00:32:37,708 --> 00:32:39,208
So Why?

500
00:32:40,458 --> 00:32:41,708
Why?

501
00:32:43,833 --> 00:32:47,833
Because an analysis
of a specific situation,

502
00:32:48,083 --> 00:32:50,833
as Lenin says, is the essential...

503
00:32:51,083 --> 00:32:51,833
An analysis?

504
00:32:52,083 --> 00:32:53,708
...the soul of Marxism.

505
00:32:53,958 --> 00:32:55,083
What's analysis?

506
00:32:56,333 --> 00:32:59,208
It's seeing
the inherent contradictions...

507
00:32:59,333 --> 00:33:01,458
OK, but why analysis?

508
00:33:01,708 --> 00:33:02,833
Because

509
00:33:02,958 --> 00:33:07,958
things are complicated
by determining factors.

510
00:33:08,083 --> 00:33:11,333
Yes, Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin

511
00:33:11,458 --> 00:33:14,708
teach us to carefully study
the situation

512
00:33:15,458 --> 00:33:17,958
very conscientiously.

513
00:33:18,458 --> 00:33:22,208
Starting from objective reality,

514
00:33:22,833 --> 00:33:25,833
not from our subjective desires.

515
00:33:26,708 --> 00:33:27,583
Right?

516
00:33:27,708 --> 00:33:29,083
OK, exactly.

517
00:33:29,208 --> 00:33:30,958
Especially in the news.

518
00:33:31,083 --> 00:33:33,833
We must examine
the different aspects,

519
00:33:33,958 --> 00:33:35,583
not just one.

520
00:33:38,833 --> 00:33:42,083
Enough theory. Now a problem.

521
00:33:43,833 --> 00:33:46,333
Which one do you want?

522
00:33:47,083 --> 00:33:48,083
War.

523
00:33:48,333 --> 00:33:49,333
Asia.

524
00:33:49,458 --> 00:33:53,458
The war in Asia, Vietnam, then.

525
00:33:53,958 --> 00:33:55,958
Who are the actors?

526
00:33:56,083 --> 00:33:57,083
The Americans.

527
00:33:57,333 --> 00:33:58,458
The Americans.

528
00:34:00,083 --> 00:34:05,083
Americans... who have dropped
more bombs on a tiny country

529
00:34:05,833 --> 00:34:09,458
than during the World War
and are wrong in their doctrine,

530
00:34:09,708 --> 00:34:11,458
Asia for the Americans.

531
00:34:11,583 --> 00:34:12,833
The Russians.

532
00:34:13,083 --> 00:34:17,083
The Russians are a bit cowardly
as they go,

533
00:34:17,208 --> 00:34:19,083
Do as I say, not as I do.

534
00:34:20,333 --> 00:34:21,583
The Chinese.

535
00:34:21,708 --> 00:34:23,583
Oh yes... the Chinese.

536
00:34:23,708 --> 00:34:26,208
The Chinese who apply Mao's ideas.

537
00:34:28,958 --> 00:34:32,708
Reactionaries are paper tigers.

538
00:34:32,958 --> 00:34:34,958
They appear ferocious.

539
00:34:35,208 --> 00:34:38,083
But they're not really so powerful.

540
00:34:38,458 --> 00:34:40,458
At the Moscow conference

541
00:34:40,708 --> 00:34:44,333
of Communist workers
on 18 November 1957:

542
00:34:44,833 --> 00:34:48,458
Strategically we must scorn the enemy

543
00:34:48,583 --> 00:34:52,458
but tactically weigh him carefully.

544
00:34:55,958 --> 00:34:59,208
Then there are the others,
the on-lookers,

545
00:34:59,958 --> 00:35:02,583
the indifferent, the lazy,
people like...

546
00:35:02,833 --> 00:35:03,958
like the French...

547
00:35:06,542 --> 00:35:07,958
Or the English.

548
00:35:11,292 --> 00:35:13,708
Isn't Vietnam an actor?

549
00:35:13,833 --> 00:35:15,208
Yes, Vietnam.

550
00:35:21,667 --> 00:35:23,042
Help, help.

551
00:35:24,417 --> 00:35:27,708
First a few facts,
as truth lies there.

552
00:35:37,208 --> 00:35:38,583
The NLF Will Win.

553
00:35:39,167 --> 00:35:40,792
The NLF Will Win.

554
00:35:57,833 --> 00:35:59,208
In short.

555
00:35:59,417 --> 00:36:02,083
The liberation army
in Ta Kien province

556
00:36:02,208 --> 00:36:05,833
has killed and captured
10 of the 300 puppet soldiers.

557
00:36:06,042 --> 00:36:07,833
Radio Peking...

558
00:36:08,333 --> 00:36:11,917
In brief, Johnson's fighting
Communism in Vietnam.

559
00:36:12,542 --> 00:36:14,917
OK, right.

560
00:36:15,083 --> 00:36:18,708
That proves there are
two kinds of Communism,

561
00:36:18,958 --> 00:36:22,583
since in Europe
he's not fighting it at all.

562
00:36:22,833 --> 00:36:25,958
On the contrary,
he signs agreements with Moscow.

563
00:36:26,583 --> 00:36:29,917
He invites Hungarian swimmers
to Los Angeles.

564
00:36:30,083 --> 00:36:32,708
He invites Czech violinists

565
00:36:32,917 --> 00:36:35,833
to play with the Boston Symphony.

566
00:36:36,042 --> 00:36:38,708
He builds factories
in Romania, in Poland,

567
00:36:38,958 --> 00:36:41,583
while destroying
the factories in Hanoi.

568
00:36:42,083 --> 00:36:44,917
Help, help, help-

569
00:36:45,667 --> 00:36:49,208
Help, Mr Kosygin, help.

570
00:36:49,708 --> 00:36:52,833
That proves there are two
Communisms.

571
00:36:52,958 --> 00:36:55,083
A dangerous one,

572
00:36:55,292 --> 00:36:57,333
and one not dangerous.

573
00:36:57,708 --> 00:37:01,167
A Communism Johnson must fight,

574
00:37:01,333 --> 00:37:03,583
and one he holds out his hand to.

575
00:37:03,833 --> 00:37:05,792
Hello Kosygin, you OK?

576
00:37:05,958 --> 00:37:09,708
And why is one of them
no longer dangerous?

577
00:37:10,333 --> 00:37:11,958
Because it has changed.

578
00:37:12,167 --> 00:37:14,167
The Americans haven't.

579
00:37:14,333 --> 00:37:16,292
They're an imperialist power.

580
00:37:17,458 --> 00:37:22,292
Since they haven't changed,
then it's the others who've changed.

581
00:37:22,458 --> 00:37:27,208
The Russians and their friends
have become revisionists

582
00:37:27,917 --> 00:37:30,542
that Americans can get on with.

583
00:37:30,708 --> 00:37:34,833
While the real Communists
that haven't changed

584
00:37:35,708 --> 00:37:38,458
need to be kicked in the face.

585
00:37:38,708 --> 00:37:41,083
That's what Vietnam's about.

586
00:37:41,333 --> 00:37:42,958
I'm for peace in Vietnam.

587
00:37:43,417 --> 00:37:45,833
Whether intentionally or not,

588
00:37:46,083 --> 00:37:49,417
both the Russians and Americans...

589
00:37:50,708 --> 00:37:52,458
I'm for peace in Vietnam.

590
00:37:54,333 --> 00:37:57,583
...are fighting the real Communists,
in China.

591
00:37:58,333 --> 00:38:01,542
That's a general conclusion.

592
00:38:01,708 --> 00:38:02,958
As for Vietnam...

593
00:38:03,667 --> 00:38:07,708
Help, help, Mr Kosygin!

594
00:38:07,917 --> 00:38:10,792
Help, Mr Kosygin!

595
00:38:16,458 --> 00:38:19,167
Hurry, Mr Kosygin!

596
00:38:21,542 --> 00:38:22,958
A specific conclusion is...

597
00:38:23,167 --> 00:38:24,083
ANY

598
00:38:24,208 --> 00:38:25,542
progressive

599
00:38:25,708 --> 00:38:27,333
war... is just.

600
00:38:27,542 --> 00:38:30,083
Any war... opposing progress...

601
00:38:30,208 --> 00:38:31,667
is unjust.

602
00:38:31,833 --> 00:38:32,958
We other...

603
00:38:34,042 --> 00:38:37,208
Communists... are fighting...
against...

604
00:38:37,958 --> 00:38:39,542
all“.such“.

605
00:38:39,792 --> 00:38:41,167
Unjust... wars.

606
00:38:42,917 --> 00:38:46,583
But we aren't... against...
progressive wars.

607
00:38:48,583 --> 00:38:49,833
Friends, comrades.

608
00:38:50,083 --> 00:38:53,458
Why is being American intolerable?

609
00:38:55,583 --> 00:38:57,667
An important question.

610
00:38:57,833 --> 00:39:04,083
Indeed, if a socialist might admire
the wealth of the US

611
00:39:04,292 --> 00:39:10,458
he must place it in perspective
in the relative world context...

612
00:39:12,667 --> 00:39:14,833
...and at that level understand it,

613
00:39:15,042 --> 00:39:18,083
using rareness and exploitation
as criteria.

614
00:39:18,333 --> 00:39:20,792
Rareness, exploitation.

615
00:39:21,542 --> 00:39:25,333
Protesting the structures
that feed it.

616
00:39:25,583 --> 00:39:26,958
Structures.

617
00:39:27,708 --> 00:39:32,458
Otherwise socialism falls
into the right-wing trap...

618
00:39:32,708 --> 00:39:33,833
Trap.

619
00:39:35,208 --> 00:39:39,083
...which is the Stalinism
of Capitalistic abundance,

620
00:39:39,333 --> 00:39:44,083
an apology for power, for luxury.

621
00:39:44,792 --> 00:39:46,667
A good example is

622
00:39:46,833 --> 00:39:51,208
the current French Finance Minister,
Mr Michel Debre.

623
00:39:51,667 --> 00:39:52,667
For us,

624
00:39:53,333 --> 00:39:56,833
the human sciences must again be...

625
00:39:57,042 --> 00:39:58,708
what they were for Marx.

626
00:39:58,917 --> 00:40:01,042
A political instrument.

627
00:40:01,917 --> 00:40:03,958
A fighting truth.

628
00:40:04,167 --> 00:40:06,458
A fighting truth.

629
00:40:07,083 --> 00:40:10,417
Don't forget
the 19th century Marxists,

630
00:40:10,583 --> 00:40:13,708
before filling
the Russian academies,

631
00:40:13,958 --> 00:40:16,292
were men of science.

632
00:40:16,667 --> 00:40:19,208
Hooligan iconoclasts

633
00:40:19,458 --> 00:40:21,083
and revolutionaries.

634
00:40:21,333 --> 00:40:23,083
Revolutionaries.

635
00:40:24,083 --> 00:40:26,708
Today some schools
for human sciences

636
00:40:26,833 --> 00:40:31,208
are retracing the road to Marxism,
but backwards.

637
00:40:31,708 --> 00:40:33,583
Not to show flaws in society,

638
00:40:34,958 --> 00:40:37,833
but to show flaws as part of a whole,

639
00:40:37,958 --> 00:40:42,458
to show how men's will and projects
cannot change.

640
00:40:42,792 --> 00:40:45,583
Structure, change.

641
00:40:46,542 --> 00:40:51,458
In short, man is an idea
of modern thinkers

642
00:40:52,333 --> 00:40:54,958
that can be transcended.

643
00:40:55,833 --> 00:41:00,417
This situation
in the human sciences

644
00:41:00,667 --> 00:41:03,708
that Sartre tried to upset
by his genius...

645
00:41:04,167 --> 00:41:06,583
this situation is disturbing...

646
00:41:07,083 --> 00:41:07,958
Disturbing.

647
00:41:08,583 --> 00:41:10,083
It's the image

648
00:41:10,708 --> 00:41:14,167
of the impotence of Europe's left.

649
00:41:16,292 --> 00:41:20,083
That impotence
indicates its decline.

650
00:41:20,292 --> 00:41:23,083
THEY CONTINUE

651
00:41:23,208 --> 00:41:25,458
We're a bit like Robinson.

652
00:41:25,583 --> 00:41:28,667
Remember Engel's text on Robinson?

653
00:41:28,833 --> 00:41:30,333
In what?

654
00:41:30,542 --> 00:41:32,458
In Anti-Duhring.

655
00:41:32,667 --> 00:41:34,583
Guillaume, answer the phone!

656
00:41:40,167 --> 00:41:44,208
What surprises me
are your quarrels with the Party.

657
00:41:45,917 --> 00:41:48,917
After a while I discovered

658
00:41:49,708 --> 00:41:52,958
three quarters of the ideas
and analyses

659
00:41:53,792 --> 00:41:55,792
by the Party are false

660
00:41:55,958 --> 00:41:57,833
for intellectuals.

661
00:41:58,917 --> 00:42:00,167
Too close to Moscow.

662
00:42:00,458 --> 00:42:03,917
Look. Nizan is dead,
Merleau is dead.

663
00:42:04,083 --> 00:42:07,167
Sartre's hiding in Flaubert,
Aragon in maths.

664
00:42:08,458 --> 00:42:12,958
I find them both moving now.

665
00:42:13,292 --> 00:42:16,333
Right, but it's tragic also.

666
00:42:17,167 --> 00:42:19,333
It's the Party's fault?

667
00:42:19,542 --> 00:42:21,917
Yes, exactly.

668
00:42:22,083 --> 00:42:24,667
That's why we must seek our ideal

669
00:42:24,833 --> 00:42:27,208
1,000 km away in Peking.

670
00:42:29,208 --> 00:42:32,667
Listen:
No matter what his position,

671
00:42:32,958 --> 00:42:35,833
no Communist
should automatically treat,

672
00:42:36,083 --> 00:42:40,292
without clue process,
the Chinese Cultural Revolution

673
00:42:40,458 --> 00:42:43,542
like just another fact or argument.

674
00:42:43,708 --> 00:42:46,583
The Cultural Revolution
isn't an argument.

675
00:42:46,833 --> 00:42:48,792
First it's historical fact,

676
00:42:48,958 --> 00:42:52,292
an historical fact
unlike any other.

677
00:42:52,458 --> 00:42:54,042
Then there's this.

678
00:42:54,667 --> 00:42:57,417
Exporting cultural revolt
is impossible,

679
00:42:57,583 --> 00:43:00,042
as it belongs to China.

680
00:43:00,208 --> 00:43:04,292
But the theoretical lessons
belong to all Communists.

681
00:43:04,458 --> 00:43:09,208
They must borrow the lessons
and make them their own.

682
00:43:09,417 --> 00:43:11,208
Guillaume, answer the phone!

683
00:43:16,208 --> 00:43:17,958
I'm Veronique Supervielle.

684
00:43:18,208 --> 00:43:21,208
I'm 19 years, eight months,

685
00:43:21,458 --> 00:43:24,208
14 hours, two minutes,

686
00:43:24,583 --> 00:43:29,042
SECOND MOVEMENT OF THE FILM

687
00:43:29,208 --> 00:43:33,042
Vietnam burns
and me I spurn Mao Mao

688
00:43:33,333 --> 00:43:37,167
Johnson giggles
and me I wiggle Mao Mao

689
00:43:37,708 --> 00:43:41,083
Napalm runs and me I gun Mao Mao

690
00:43:42,083 --> 00:43:45,833
Cities die and me I cry Mao Mao

691
00:43:46,458 --> 00:43:50,083
Whores cry and me I sigh Mao Mao

692
00:43:50,708 --> 00:43:54,458
The rice is mad and me a cad

693
00:43:55,083 --> 00:43:58,958
It's the Little Red Book

694
00:43:59,333 --> 00:44:03,667
That makes it all move

695
00:44:04,333 --> 00:44:08,292
Imperialism lays down the law

696
00:44:08,458 --> 00:44:12,708
Revolution is not a party

697
00:44:12,917 --> 00:44:16,333
The A-bomb is a paper tiger

698
00:44:16,958 --> 00:44:20,958
The masses are the real heroes

699
00:44:21,208 --> 00:44:24,958
The Yanks kill and me I read Mao Mao

700
00:44:25,458 --> 00:44:29,708
The jester is king
and me I sing Mao Mao

701
00:44:29,958 --> 00:44:33,958
The bombs go off
and me I scoff Mao Mao

702
00:44:34,208 --> 00:44:38,292
Girls run and me I follow Mao Mao

703
00:44:38,458 --> 00:44:42,458
The Russians eat
and me I dance Mao Mao

704
00:44:42,667 --> 00:44:46,708
I denounce and I renounce Mao Mao

705
00:44:46,958 --> 00:44:50,958
It's the Little Red Book

706
00:44:51,208 --> 00:44:54,958
That makes it all move.

707
00:44:55,417 --> 00:44:58,333
THEY CONTINUE THE REIGN

708
00:45:03,417 --> 00:45:05,167
And now El Cordobes.

709
00:45:09,708 --> 00:45:11,167
Paco Camino.

710
00:45:16,333 --> 00:45:18,458
Why did he ditch our bull's head?

711
00:45:18,708 --> 00:45:20,833
We can't have any more fun.

712
00:45:21,083 --> 00:45:23,708
He's mad and going to commit suicide.

713
00:45:25,167 --> 00:45:27,917
- Hurry up, Fernand.
- Coming...

714
00:45:28,083 --> 00:45:29,792
Look at that, Isabelle.

715
00:45:29,958 --> 00:45:32,333
Great racing handlebars and a seat.

716
00:45:33,583 --> 00:45:35,292
- He took it?
- Yes.

717
00:45:35,458 --> 00:45:37,583
He's a stupid prick.

718
00:45:37,792 --> 00:45:39,583
No, that worker's a genius.

719
00:45:39,833 --> 00:45:43,417
With a bull's head he made
handlebars and a seat.

720
00:45:44,708 --> 00:45:47,667
Divine metamorphosis, Mr Malraux.

721
00:45:56,083 --> 00:45:59,708
He who speaks of struggle...

722
00:46:02,833 --> 00:46:05,792
...speaks of sacrifice.

723
00:46:05,958 --> 00:46:07,833
And death...

724
00:46:08,958 --> 00:46:11,208
...is a common thing.

725
00:46:11,583 --> 00:46:14,542
THE REIGN OF DESPOTISM
IN ASIA, AFRICA...

726
00:46:20,042 --> 00:46:22,333
...AND LATIN AMERICA

727
00:46:22,542 --> 00:46:26,208
One: the history of art
in the last 100 years

728
00:46:26,417 --> 00:46:29,583
is the road leading to the concept

729
00:46:29,792 --> 00:46:34,542
of art as its own science.

730
00:46:36,167 --> 00:46:37,292
Two.

731
00:46:38,833 --> 00:46:40,833
We are not the ones

732
00:46:41,042 --> 00:46:44,708
using obscure language.

733
00:46:45,208 --> 00:46:48,083
It's our society,

734
00:46:48,917 --> 00:46:52,083
which is hermetic and closed up

735
00:46:52,917 --> 00:46:57,917
in the poorest
of languages possible.

736
00:46:58,083 --> 00:46:59,583
Three:

737
00:46:59,792 --> 00:47:02,292
Maiakovsky in poetry.

738
00:47:02,458 --> 00:47:05,792
Eisenstein in movies.

739
00:47:06,458 --> 00:47:08,583
All those fighting

740
00:47:08,792 --> 00:47:13,708
for a definition of socialist art

741
00:47:13,958 --> 00:47:18,083
were knifed in the back

742
00:47:18,292 --> 00:47:22,458
by Trotsky and the others.

743
00:47:22,667 --> 00:47:27,208
Those who two months
after taking the Winter Palace,

744
00:47:27,458 --> 00:47:31,583
accepted imperialist language

745
00:47:31,833 --> 00:47:35,083
to sign the peace treaty

746
00:47:35,333 --> 00:47:38,042
of Brest-Litovsk.

747
00:47:39,583 --> 00:47:44,333
Art doesn't reproduce the visible.

748
00:47:44,542 --> 00:47:46,833
It makes visible.

749
00:47:47,083 --> 00:47:50,167
But the aesthetic effect
is imaginary.

750
00:47:51,208 --> 00:47:57,208
Yes, but the imaginary
doesn't reflect reality.

751
00:47:58,042 --> 00:48:01,083
It's the reality of the reflection.

752
00:48:02,167 --> 00:48:06,583
You sometimes hear statements like,

753
00:48:06,708 --> 00:48:10,208
Use only three colours.

754
00:48:10,417 --> 00:48:13,083
The three primary colours,

755
00:48:13,333 --> 00:48:16,208
blue, yellow and red.

756
00:48:16,417 --> 00:48:21,333
Perfectly pure
and perfectly balanced,

757
00:48:21,667 --> 00:48:26,708
on the pretext that
all the other colours are there.

758
00:48:36,458 --> 00:48:39,792
For everything we see,

759
00:48:39,958 --> 00:48:43,083
we must consider three things.

760
00:48:44,583 --> 00:48:48,083
The position of the seeing eye,

761
00:48:49,167 --> 00:48:50,667
of the object seen

762
00:48:50,833 --> 00:48:54,083
and of the source of light.

763
00:48:55,042 --> 00:48:56,542
Perhaps reality

764
00:48:57,042 --> 00:49:01,667
hasn't yet appeared to anyone.

765
00:49:02,458 --> 00:49:03,958
As for us...

766
00:49:04,667 --> 00:49:08,958
we demand the unity
of politics and art.

767
00:49:09,792 --> 00:49:13,958
The unity of content and form,

768
00:49:14,458 --> 00:49:19,583
the unity
of a revolutionary content.

769
00:49:19,792 --> 00:49:20,958
And...

770
00:49:22,417 --> 00:49:24,708
...an artistic form

771
00:49:25,958 --> 00:49:28,917
as perfect as possible.

772
00:49:31,042 --> 00:49:35,083
Works lacking artistic value,

773
00:49:35,708 --> 00:49:40,083
no matter how politically advanced

774
00:49:40,292 --> 00:49:42,958
are ineffective.

775
00:49:45,208 --> 00:49:49,667
In literature and in art we must

776
00:49:50,083 --> 00:49:53,083
fight on two fronts.

777
00:50:01,083 --> 00:50:02,958
Fighting on two fronts...

778
00:50:03,792 --> 00:50:05,583
I find too complicated.

779
00:50:07,333 --> 00:50:09,333
I do only one thing at a time.

780
00:50:12,333 --> 00:50:14,458
I don't understand how you can

781
00:50:14,667 --> 00:50:17,833
listen to music and write
at the same time.

782
00:50:28,333 --> 00:50:29,583
Two fronts.

783
00:50:29,833 --> 00:50:31,667
Too complicated.

784
00:50:39,833 --> 00:50:41,417
Do you love me?

785
00:50:42,167 --> 00:50:43,958
Of course I do.

786
00:50:45,417 --> 00:50:47,917
I've decided
I don't love you anymore.

787
00:50:48,083 --> 00:50:49,542
What's going on?

788
00:50:49,708 --> 00:50:52,792
I no longer like your face,
eyes, mouth.

789
00:50:52,958 --> 00:50:56,208
Nor your sweaters.
And you bore me terribly.

790
00:50:57,417 --> 00:50:58,583
What's happening?

791
00:50:58,833 --> 00:50:59,833
I don't love you.

792
00:51:00,042 --> 00:51:01,292
I don't understand.

793
00:51:01,458 --> 00:51:02,792
You will.

794
00:51:09,292 --> 00:51:10,333
Veronique.

795
00:51:10,583 --> 00:51:11,833
You will.

796
00:51:13,042 --> 00:51:16,458
Explain why you're saying that.

797
00:51:23,333 --> 00:51:25,417
I no longer love you.

798
00:51:26,833 --> 00:51:28,708
You interfere.

799
00:51:30,417 --> 00:51:31,833
You worry me.

800
00:51:32,083 --> 00:51:34,417
Love's too difficult with you.

801
00:51:35,458 --> 00:51:38,708
I hate how you discuss
things you ignore.

802
00:51:40,708 --> 00:51:42,458
I don't love you.

803
00:51:45,917 --> 00:51:47,708
I don't love you.

804
00:51:54,208 --> 00:51:56,042
Understand now?

805
00:51:57,917 --> 00:51:59,583
Yeah, I do.

806
00:52:00,583 --> 00:52:02,042
I'm very sad...

807
00:52:03,208 --> 00:52:04,792
...but I understand.

808
00:52:06,583 --> 00:52:09,542
You see, you can do
two things at once.

809
00:52:12,042 --> 00:52:14,583
To understand you had to do it.

810
00:52:14,792 --> 00:52:16,208
Music and language.

811
00:52:21,833 --> 00:52:24,083
You must struggle on two fronts.

812
00:52:36,208 --> 00:52:38,708
But you really scared me.

813
00:52:40,417 --> 00:52:42,458
Me too, I'm often scared.

814
00:52:47,542 --> 00:52:51,667
THEY CONTINUE OPPRESSION
IN THE WEST

815
00:53:02,833 --> 00:53:05,792
Some comrades
have bad work habits,

816
00:53:05,958 --> 00:53:08,792
the antithesis
of the Marxist spirit.

817
00:53:09,667 --> 00:53:12,542
Like catching birds blindfolded.

818
00:53:14,333 --> 00:53:16,208
Why are you looking at me?

819
00:53:16,917 --> 00:53:19,458
I'm not a strange animal.

820
00:53:19,667 --> 00:53:21,708
I'm a human being.

821
00:53:22,917 --> 00:53:24,458
And your look

822
00:53:24,667 --> 00:53:29,917
is the same as Whites in America
looking at Blacks

823
00:53:30,958 --> 00:53:33,458
or Arabs looking at Jews,

824
00:53:33,708 --> 00:53:36,708
or vice versa in the Middle East.

825
00:53:36,958 --> 00:53:39,958
And in the Communist world,
Russians

826
00:53:40,167 --> 00:53:41,417
looking at Chinese.

827
00:53:41,583 --> 00:53:43,292
1,2, 3, 4, 5.

828
00:53:44,458 --> 00:53:49,708
There's no face that can't be drawn,

829
00:53:49,958 --> 00:53:52,042
like the face of a dream.

830
00:53:52,458 --> 00:53:55,292
Serge Dimitri Kirilov.

831
00:53:57,083 --> 00:53:58,542
Not Novalis.

832
00:53:58,708 --> 00:54:00,583
But it was voted yesterday.

833
00:54:00,792 --> 00:54:02,833
But he's a scholar, not a poet.

834
00:54:05,083 --> 00:54:07,833
A scholar on poetry
like Brecht on theatre.

835
00:54:10,708 --> 00:54:15,167
The Party controls the guns.
Guns must not control the Party.

836
00:54:23,458 --> 00:54:24,667
Poor Novalis.

837
00:54:27,792 --> 00:54:30,333
How to unite Marxist-Leninist theory

838
00:54:30,542 --> 00:54:32,917
and the practice of revolution?

839
00:54:34,333 --> 00:54:36,458
There's a well-known saying.

840
00:54:37,167 --> 00:54:39,333
It's like shooting at a target.

841
00:54:39,542 --> 00:54:42,833
Just like aiming at the target,

842
00:54:43,083 --> 00:54:46,333
Marxism-Leninism
must aim at revolution.

843
00:54:56,208 --> 00:54:58,458
You can disagree

844
00:54:58,958 --> 00:55:04,458
with the terms I use
to define the problem.

845
00:55:04,667 --> 00:55:06,792
But if, like most workers,

846
00:55:06,958 --> 00:55:10,792
who use their hands and heads

847
00:55:10,958 --> 00:55:13,417
you judge or vaguely feel

848
00:55:13,583 --> 00:55:16,958
that capitalism is no better today
than yesterday...

849
00:55:17,208 --> 00:55:18,458
Back to Moscow!

850
00:55:18,708 --> 00:55:21,583
...As economic
and social development,

851
00:55:21,833 --> 00:55:25,208
as a way of life,
as a system of relations

852
00:55:25,458 --> 00:55:26,583
of men together.

853
00:55:26,833 --> 00:55:29,792
With their work, with nature.

854
00:55:29,958 --> 00:55:32,208
With the people of the world.

855
00:55:32,458 --> 00:55:35,958
Kosygin and Johnson are killers.

856
00:55:36,167 --> 00:55:40,583
By the use he does or does not make
of resources and science,

857
00:55:40,792 --> 00:55:44,208
of present and future
creative capacities,

858
00:55:44,417 --> 00:55:46,458
of each person.

859
00:55:46,667 --> 00:55:48,708
What of Siniavsky?

860
00:55:48,917 --> 00:55:53,208
And if you adhere to socialism
with that feeling

861
00:55:53,458 --> 00:55:58,333
the problem of its rise to power
is put in those terms.

862
00:56:00,167 --> 00:56:06,333
Once you admit that violent revolt
and barricades

863
00:56:06,583 --> 00:56:11,583
can't occur
in advanced capitalism

864
00:56:11,833 --> 00:56:15,958
in France, Sweden, Italy,

865
00:56:16,167 --> 00:56:20,167
you can agree
with the French Communist Party...

866
00:56:21,833 --> 00:56:25,167
Revisionist, revisionist!

867
00:56:27,458 --> 00:56:32,667
THIRD MOVEMENT OF THE FILM

868
00:56:34,583 --> 00:56:35,958
Isn't that Michel?

869
00:56:36,833 --> 00:56:37,833
You think so?

870
00:56:38,083 --> 00:56:41,208
Listen to how he pronounces

871
00:56:41,458 --> 00:56:43,667
Maybe you're right.

872
00:56:43,833 --> 00:56:45,583
Maybe Claude's there.

873
00:56:45,792 --> 00:56:48,083
Veronique said she had a letter.

874
00:56:48,292 --> 00:56:50,833
In July he'll bring committee orders

875
00:56:51,083 --> 00:56:54,458
on beginning hostilities
and against whom.

876
00:56:54,708 --> 00:56:56,708
- Am I in it?

877
00:56:56,917 --> 00:57:01,708
The combat group will have its own
organisation, personnel and finances.

878
00:57:01,958 --> 00:57:03,292
This is Radio Peking.

879
00:57:03,667 --> 00:57:05,583
Comrades and friends...

880
00:57:07,167 --> 00:57:09,917
Those in favour raise their hands.

881
00:57:27,708 --> 00:57:32,458
Majority decision is to create
a special combat organisation

882
00:57:32,667 --> 00:57:35,542
which, in strict observance
of conspiracy

883
00:57:35,708 --> 00:57:37,333
and division of labour

884
00:57:37,583 --> 00:57:41,083
will take care exclusively
of terrorist activity.

885
00:57:45,083 --> 00:57:47,208
Now let's draw lots.

886
00:57:48,458 --> 00:57:50,292
Open it and read.

887
00:57:56,583 --> 00:58:01,417
Men use

888
00:58:01,583 --> 00:58:07,208
the sciences of nature

889
00:58:07,458 --> 00:58:10,583
8S a weapon

890
00:58:10,792 --> 00:58:16,833
in their struggle for liberty.

891
00:58:22,292 --> 00:58:24,958
DIALOGUE 4
HENRI AFTER HIS EXCLUSION

892
00:58:28,958 --> 00:58:32,042
Since January,

893
00:58:32,208 --> 00:58:34,167
maybe December.

894
00:58:35,708 --> 00:58:37,208
You left them?

895
00:58:38,458 --> 00:58:41,417
Yes, well, they excluded me.

896
00:58:41,583 --> 00:58:43,208
It's all the same.

897
00:58:44,583 --> 00:58:46,208
Why did they throw you out?

898
00:58:47,292 --> 00:58:51,333
I refused to criticize myself.

899
00:58:52,458 --> 00:58:53,958
How did it happen?

900
00:58:55,833 --> 00:58:58,708
Like in all cells,

901
00:58:58,917 --> 00:59:00,333
there was a vote.

902
00:59:02,417 --> 00:59:04,542
But what led to the vote?

903
00:59:08,083 --> 00:59:11,333
It started

904
00:59:12,083 --> 00:59:15,083
during Veronique's exposé.

905
00:59:15,292 --> 00:59:17,833
The forms of oppression
aren't the same.

906
00:59:18,083 --> 00:59:19,958
Life now under Pompidou

907
00:59:20,208 --> 00:59:23,292
isn't like during the war
under Hitler.

908
00:59:24,333 --> 00:59:26,667
Yet, comrades and friends...

909
00:59:26,833 --> 00:59:30,542
Just as Serge showed
how art doesn't reflect reality,

910
00:59:30,708 --> 00:59:33,167
but is the reality of reflection,

911
00:59:33,333 --> 00:59:38,042
such is the reality of formulas used
by friends of Pompidou and Malraux

912
00:59:38,208 --> 00:59:41,583
to ban a film like The Nun
by Jacques Rivette.

913
00:59:41,833 --> 00:59:45,708
It's that reality,
since in formulas there's form

914
00:59:45,958 --> 00:59:49,792
which makes me think
it's a form of oppression.

915
00:59:51,458 --> 00:59:54,833
She was confusing Marx and theatre

916
00:59:56,208 --> 00:59:59,708
and politics,
and that's romanticism.

917
01:00:01,792 --> 01:00:05,958
She behaved in life like an actress.

918
01:00:07,042 --> 01:00:09,583
She was influenced by Guillaume.

919
01:00:09,792 --> 01:00:10,833
Who's he?

920
01:00:11,083 --> 01:00:12,417
An actor.

921
01:00:12,583 --> 01:00:14,042
He was one of the group?

922
01:00:14,583 --> 01:00:17,833
Yes... a fanatic.

923
01:00:18,542 --> 01:00:22,208
His father had worked with Arthaud.

924
01:00:23,917 --> 01:00:28,167
While with Kosygin, Wilson,
Pompidou, it's sweet death.

925
01:00:29,167 --> 01:00:31,333
If that doesn't suit you,

926
01:00:31,542 --> 01:00:34,208
there's violent death
in North Vietnam.

927
01:00:35,167 --> 01:00:38,833
While in the South,
sweet death is enough.

928
01:00:39,083 --> 01:00:40,708
But I say it's the same

929
01:00:40,833 --> 01:00:43,917
in literary and scientific studies.

930
01:00:44,917 --> 01:00:48,792
The Left has suggested reforms.

931
01:00:49,958 --> 01:00:52,583
As long as Racine portrays
men as they are.

932
01:00:52,833 --> 01:00:55,333
As long as Sade is prohibited.

933
01:00:55,583 --> 01:00:59,542
As long as maths isn't taught
in nurseries.

934
01:00:59,708 --> 01:01:04,083
As long as they subsidize the queers
at the Comédie-Frangaise

935
01:01:04,833 --> 01:01:07,583
more than Planchon or Bourseiller.

936
01:01:09,583 --> 01:01:12,292
The reforms are a dead letter,

937
01:01:12,458 --> 01:01:14,833
because it's dead language.

938
01:01:15,042 --> 01:01:17,458
It's class culture

939
01:01:17,667 --> 01:01:19,958
taught by one class.

940
01:01:20,167 --> 01:01:22,792
A culture belonging
to a certain class

941
01:01:22,958 --> 01:01:25,083
that pursues a certain policy.

942
01:01:25,292 --> 01:01:26,583
The analysis...

943
01:01:28,292 --> 01:01:29,583
...was amiss.

944
01:01:29,833 --> 01:01:33,792
So the conclusion was unreal.

945
01:01:35,333 --> 01:01:37,208
If you don't agree it's...

946
01:01:37,458 --> 01:01:40,167
Yes, I'm for peaceful co-existence.

947
01:01:40,958 --> 01:01:44,708
What's the Party doing
to change that?

948
01:01:45,458 --> 01:01:47,958
There are some good things.

949
01:01:48,458 --> 01:01:53,167
Two weeks ago they were praising
books that confuse words and things,

950
01:01:53,333 --> 01:01:55,792
that serve reactionary thinking.

951
01:01:58,333 --> 01:02:02,583
Comrades, we must:
one, close the puppet university.

952
01:02:02,792 --> 01:02:04,458
Right, but how?

953
01:02:04,667 --> 01:02:07,208
What do you suggest, dreamer?

954
01:02:08,083 --> 01:02:09,708
Two, by terror.

955
01:02:09,958 --> 01:02:11,792
Yes, but what kind of terror?

956
01:02:16,667 --> 01:02:20,167
Terror leads to nothing today.

957
01:02:20,333 --> 01:02:21,458
However,

958
01:02:22,542 --> 01:02:27,833
that culture is 0.43%
of the national budget...

959
01:02:28,083 --> 01:02:30,417
Veronique was right.

960
01:02:30,917 --> 01:02:32,208
As for Aragon...

961
01:02:32,458 --> 01:02:36,708
If the Party's more supple,

962
01:02:37,333 --> 01:02:39,333
it's because of him.

963
01:02:41,208 --> 01:02:43,583
Sometimes I was enthusiastic,

964
01:02:43,833 --> 01:02:48,292
glorifying the socialist edifice
in my writing.

965
01:02:49,542 --> 01:02:52,458
But the next day I countered

966
01:02:52,708 --> 01:02:56,583
with criminal-like practical action.

967
01:02:57,208 --> 01:02:59,042
There was formed

968
01:02:59,208 --> 01:03:01,583
what Hegel called

969
01:03:02,292 --> 01:03:05,208
an unhappy conscience.

970
01:03:06,542 --> 01:03:10,583
It differed
from the ordinary conscience...

971
01:03:11,083 --> 01:03:13,833
BOUKARIN'S LAST WORDS
AT THE LAST MOSCOW TRIALS

972
01:03:13,958 --> 01:03:16,792
...In that it was also
a criminal conscience.

973
01:03:19,458 --> 01:03:23,292
Ad in France Soir on June 14.

974
01:03:24,708 --> 01:03:27,917
Old Russia,
the great religious centres

975
01:03:28,083 --> 01:03:30,958
of Czarist Russia, brought to life

976
01:03:31,667 --> 01:03:34,333
and May Day in Moscow.

977
01:03:34,708 --> 01:03:37,417
Information at Monit Travel,

978
01:03:37,583 --> 01:03:42,167
4 place de I'Opera,
phone 7420646.

979
01:03:42,583 --> 01:03:44,708
Where are the old revolutionaries?

980
01:03:45,417 --> 01:03:46,833
Sad, huh?

981
01:03:46,958 --> 01:03:48,083
It's sad, alright.

982
01:03:48,208 --> 01:03:50,667
Their argument was Sputnik Digest.

983
01:03:50,833 --> 01:03:53,458
It's a pretty disgusting magazine.

984
01:03:54,292 --> 01:03:55,958
But that's not enough

985
01:03:56,208 --> 01:03:59,542
to systematically condemn
the Party attitude

986
01:03:59,708 --> 01:04:03,167
the way they do in
L'Humanite Nouvelle or Garde Rouge.

987
01:04:03,417 --> 01:04:08,708
The main organ of the French
Marxist-Leninist movement.

988
01:04:09,333 --> 01:04:11,458
During the elections in March,

989
01:04:11,708 --> 01:04:15,708
the only people to talk
of the price of a fridge,

990
01:04:15,917 --> 01:04:19,083
of work rates or bathrooms,

991
01:04:19,208 --> 01:04:23,083
and not just general philosophy...

992
01:04:23,292 --> 01:04:26,208
It wasn't Mitterrand
or Mendes France,

993
01:04:26,417 --> 01:04:30,167
it was the delegates
of the French Communist Party.

994
01:04:30,333 --> 01:04:34,333
It's not that.
I said they haven't read all of Marx.

995
01:04:34,542 --> 01:04:37,583
- You're way off.
- Not read him seriously.

996
01:04:37,708 --> 01:04:40,083
Well, I'm for peaceful coexistence.

997
01:04:41,292 --> 01:04:44,333
Lenin said to cut off
one enemy finger to save ten.

998
01:04:44,458 --> 01:04:46,083
Rosa Luxembourg

999
01:04:46,292 --> 01:04:48,708
saw the difficulty in answering.

1000
01:04:48,917 --> 01:04:50,542
How troubled she was.

1001
01:04:51,208 --> 01:04:53,917
How she blushed
without understanding.

1002
01:04:54,083 --> 01:04:56,708
Why, because movies and plays

1003
01:04:56,833 --> 01:04:59,208
cost money and the army is free.

1004
01:04:59,417 --> 01:05:01,042
It should be the opposite.

1005
01:05:02,208 --> 01:05:03,583
Shows should be free.

1006
01:05:03,708 --> 01:05:06,458
Those who want to make war
should pay to do so.

1007
01:05:06,708 --> 01:05:11,333
When they say the leftist agreement
is a dagger for Vietnam,

1008
01:05:11,583 --> 01:05:14,542
or that the Communist press...

1009
01:05:14,708 --> 01:05:18,333
Everyone talks of the crimes
of the Red Guard

1010
01:05:18,458 --> 01:05:20,083
in the Cultural Revolution.

1011
01:05:20,333 --> 01:05:22,583
Listen, this is fantastic.

1012
01:05:23,833 --> 01:05:26,958
The first date
for Juliette and Pierre

1013
01:05:27,208 --> 01:05:30,708
opened doors
to a new world of magic.

1014
01:05:32,958 --> 01:05:36,458
The world of words
no one had spoken before them.

1015
01:05:38,667 --> 01:05:40,958
What are you reading?

1016
01:05:43,417 --> 01:05:46,083
Henri gave me
the Party's women's magazine.

1017
01:05:46,333 --> 01:05:47,417
Let's see.

1018
01:05:49,667 --> 01:05:52,208
Like the night before,
their eyes met.

1019
01:05:52,417 --> 01:05:54,042
Pierre couldn't speak.

1020
01:05:56,333 --> 01:06:00,958
No point in being Communist
to use that soap opera language.

1021
01:06:05,667 --> 01:06:07,333
I forbid you to read that.

1022
01:06:07,542 --> 01:06:09,458
I said Henri's a revisionist.

1023
01:06:12,583 --> 01:06:15,792
The joker's a king
and I sing Mao Mao...

1024
01:06:16,583 --> 01:06:20,083
Reminds me of pictures
of L'lllustration from 1917,

1025
01:06:20,708 --> 01:06:23,958
that treated Bolsheviks as beatniks.

1026
01:06:24,583 --> 01:06:28,042
They used the same terms
for the Bolsheviks

1027
01:06:28,208 --> 01:06:31,333
as that paper uses for the Red Guard.

1028
01:06:31,958 --> 01:06:35,833
You expect Le Figaro
to say that sort of thing.

1029
01:06:36,083 --> 01:06:39,417
But when L'Humanite does,
it's disgusting.

1030
01:06:39,583 --> 01:06:41,333
OK, there's work to do.

1031
01:06:41,542 --> 01:06:43,583
For everyone.

1032
01:06:43,917 --> 01:06:47,958
The other day I was reading
L'Humanite Nouvelle.

1033
01:06:48,458 --> 01:06:53,833
They talked about the film
Johnny Guitar,

1034
01:06:54,083 --> 01:06:57,583
that the Party leaders had shown

1035
01:06:58,708 --> 01:07:00,458
at a meeting somewhere,

1036
01:07:00,667 --> 01:07:02,417
I'm not sure where.

1037
01:07:02,583 --> 01:07:06,583
But they attack the film
because it's American,

1038
01:07:06,708 --> 01:07:09,042
even if it's good.

1039
01:07:09,708 --> 01:07:14,208
So, as Veronique's big enemy,
Malraux says,

1040
01:07:15,333 --> 01:07:18,333
liberty doesn't always
have clean hands.

1041
01:07:18,542 --> 01:07:20,542
Veronique, what's the matter?

1042
01:07:20,708 --> 01:07:21,958
Problems?

1043
01:07:22,583 --> 01:07:24,292
I have too many enemies.

1044
01:07:24,458 --> 01:07:26,458
Enemies? You?

1045
01:07:26,708 --> 01:07:27,833
But who?

1046
01:07:28,833 --> 01:07:30,667
You know, the warlords,

1047
01:07:30,833 --> 01:07:34,333
the bureaucrats,
magnates and landowners

1048
01:07:34,542 --> 01:07:37,708
and the reactionary intellectuals.

1049
01:07:37,917 --> 01:07:39,333
Those are my enemies.

1050
01:07:39,542 --> 01:07:42,333
Well, that makes a lot
of enemies, indeed.

1051
01:07:43,042 --> 01:07:45,042
What are you up to?

1052
01:07:45,208 --> 01:07:47,292
Not much.

1053
01:07:47,833 --> 01:07:50,833
Writing in Les Temps Modernes
as always,

1054
01:07:50,958 --> 01:07:52,667
some books...

1055
01:07:52,833 --> 01:07:56,458
ENCOUNTER WITH FRANCIS JEANSON

1056
01:07:56,667 --> 01:08:01,333
For this year I have a new project.

1057
01:08:01,542 --> 01:08:02,708
What?

1058
01:08:02,917 --> 01:08:05,708
I want to do cultural action.

1059
01:08:05,917 --> 01:08:07,417
But what's that?

1060
01:08:08,667 --> 01:08:11,083
I don't think
anyone really knows yet.

1061
01:08:11,292 --> 01:08:13,458
And I want to try an experiment.

1062
01:08:13,667 --> 01:08:16,833
But culture and action are old words.

1063
01:08:16,958 --> 01:08:21,583
Yes, but culture is cut off
from action now.

1064
01:08:21,792 --> 01:08:23,208
At least it seems so.

1065
01:08:23,458 --> 01:08:25,458
So it doesn't interest me.

1066
01:08:25,708 --> 01:08:29,333
- Besides, I agree with you.
- You do?

1067
01:08:29,542 --> 01:08:32,292
What interests me is

1068
01:08:32,458 --> 01:08:35,667
that culture gives control
of the world.

1069
01:08:35,833 --> 01:08:38,542
Concretely, when will you do it?

1070
01:08:38,708 --> 01:08:41,708
I start in two months.

1071
01:08:41,958 --> 01:08:44,333
The experiment will last a year.

1072
01:08:44,583 --> 01:08:47,083
Because I want to see
what's possible.

1073
01:08:47,292 --> 01:08:50,292
What is the experiment?

1074
01:08:50,458 --> 01:08:55,167
With a whole team,
we're going to try...

1075
01:08:55,333 --> 01:08:57,708
- In what area?
- Acting, for example.

1076
01:08:57,917 --> 01:09:01,708
- Theatre?
- Yes, in a theatre at Chélon.

1077
01:09:01,958 --> 01:09:05,458
The Bourgogne Theatre.
We'll try to...

1078
01:09:05,708 --> 01:09:07,542
You'll move out of town?

1079
01:09:07,708 --> 01:09:10,083
I'm going to Bourgogne.

1080
01:09:10,333 --> 01:09:13,583
But you know, Chélon isn't very far.

1081
01:09:14,583 --> 01:09:16,083
Isn't leaving Paris sad?

1082
01:09:16,292 --> 01:09:18,083
No, I'm glad.

1083
01:09:18,292 --> 01:09:20,208
Delighted?

1084
01:09:20,833 --> 01:09:23,917
Because I can't work here anymore.

1085
01:09:24,083 --> 01:09:27,083
Anyway, I don't write
when I'm in Paris.

1086
01:09:27,833 --> 01:09:30,917
My books aren't progressing.

1087
01:09:32,708 --> 01:09:36,917
Maybe I can start this action
outside Paris

1088
01:09:37,083 --> 01:09:39,042
and write too.

1089
01:09:40,458 --> 01:09:42,708
Is it important to take action?

1090
01:09:42,958 --> 01:09:46,542
Yes, if we manage

1091
01:09:46,708 --> 01:09:49,458
to do something effective.

1092
01:09:49,667 --> 01:09:53,083
I don't want to start something
just for pleasure

1093
01:09:53,333 --> 01:09:55,208
or to soothe my conscience.

1094
01:09:56,208 --> 01:09:58,583
So why start any action?

1095
01:09:59,208 --> 01:10:03,833
It seems to me, on that level
there's something to be done.

1096
01:10:03,958 --> 01:10:06,458
To place today's men and women

1097
01:10:06,708 --> 01:10:11,083
in a position to receive
the world as it is.

1098
01:10:11,333 --> 01:10:14,458
Not only to receive,
but to act on it,

1099
01:10:14,583 --> 01:10:16,458
to have a hold.

1100
01:10:16,708 --> 01:10:20,208
That means
you're leaving the university?

1101
01:10:21,083 --> 01:10:23,458
Leaving, if you want.

1102
01:10:23,583 --> 01:10:29,083
I'm breaking with an attitude
widespread in the university,

1103
01:10:29,333 --> 01:10:35,083
which is to consider the others,

1104
01:10:35,208 --> 01:10:40,083
the ones we address,
as mere receivers.

1105
01:10:40,333 --> 01:10:42,958
It's true,
and I wouldn't want to be...

1106
01:10:43,208 --> 01:10:46,708
Isn't what's happening
in China important?

1107
01:10:46,958 --> 01:10:49,083
Of course it's important.

1108
01:10:51,083 --> 01:10:55,583
For example, closing the universities
I think is great.

1109
01:10:56,333 --> 01:10:59,583
Right, you think it's great.

1110
01:10:59,708 --> 01:11:02,583
But do you have an idea
what will happen afterwards?

1111
01:11:03,583 --> 01:11:06,708
They must re-open them.

1112
01:11:06,958 --> 01:11:10,083
The students
are in the fields for now.

1113
01:11:11,083 --> 01:11:14,333
That reminds me of something.

1114
01:11:14,583 --> 01:11:16,333
Remember Natalie?

1115
01:11:16,458 --> 01:11:18,833
Yes, I do.

1116
01:11:18,958 --> 01:11:21,708
Her parents voted for Mendes France.

1117
01:11:21,833 --> 01:11:23,833
That doesn't matter.

1118
01:11:24,208 --> 01:11:28,208
Before I prepared for my exams
with you in September,

1119
01:11:28,458 --> 01:11:32,958
she and I picked peaches
near Avignon.

1120
01:11:33,708 --> 01:11:35,708
Now it seems to me that

1121
01:11:35,833 --> 01:11:39,583
doing manual labour beforehand

1122
01:11:40,833 --> 01:11:44,458
helped me pass the exams.

1123
01:11:44,583 --> 01:11:48,458
That helped you understand
what I said,

1124
01:11:49,208 --> 01:11:50,958
talking about philosophy?

1125
01:11:51,083 --> 01:11:53,958
A little. In June...

1126
01:11:54,208 --> 01:11:55,458
I think there's a link.

1127
01:11:55,708 --> 01:11:59,208
In June, I didn't do
anything physical and failed.

1128
01:11:59,458 --> 01:12:02,958
I think there's a possible link.

1129
01:12:03,208 --> 01:12:04,833
What's the conclusion?

1130
01:12:05,083 --> 01:12:07,083
You should pick peaches?

1131
01:12:09,458 --> 01:12:11,333
But you agree with me?

1132
01:12:11,458 --> 01:12:15,458
Something's wrong at the university.
Many things.

1133
01:12:15,708 --> 01:12:16,958
Of course.

1134
01:12:17,083 --> 01:12:20,583
It's apparent enough. So?

1135
01:12:20,833 --> 01:12:23,333
You agree
education's the big problem?

1136
01:12:23,583 --> 01:12:26,708
It's one of the biggest problems.

1137
01:12:27,583 --> 01:12:28,583
So?

1138
01:12:29,583 --> 01:12:32,333
Shouldn't we start from scratch?

1139
01:12:32,583 --> 01:12:34,333
But how?

1140
01:12:35,083 --> 01:12:38,208
Close the universities,
like in China.

1141
01:12:38,458 --> 01:12:40,708
You will do that yourself?

1142
01:12:41,458 --> 01:12:44,708
If the authorities
aren't capable of it.

1143
01:12:44,833 --> 01:12:46,833
If necessary, I'll close them.

1144
01:12:46,958 --> 01:12:48,333
How?

1145
01:12:51,833 --> 01:12:54,208
I have an idea.

1146
01:12:54,458 --> 01:12:56,958
Tell me your idea,

1147
01:12:57,083 --> 01:12:58,833
if you can.

1148
01:13:01,833 --> 01:13:05,833
You see,
what disgusts me is teaching.

1149
01:13:06,583 --> 01:13:11,083
It's always a question of class.
Culture is class culture.

1150
01:13:11,333 --> 01:13:13,833
You know the Tutankhamen exhibit.

1151
01:13:14,458 --> 01:13:17,833
Why do all the people run there?
The gold.

1152
01:13:17,958 --> 01:13:22,333
Even workers act bourgeois
and go and see the gold.

1153
01:13:22,583 --> 01:13:25,708
Because if it was in paper,
they wouldn't bother.

1154
01:13:25,958 --> 01:13:27,708
I understand,

1155
01:13:27,958 --> 01:13:29,333
but your idea...

1156
01:13:30,458 --> 01:13:33,208
- Close the university.
- But how?

1157
01:13:34,208 --> 01:13:35,583
With bombs.

1158
01:13:36,458 --> 01:13:38,083
With bombs!

1159
01:13:38,333 --> 01:13:40,583
You're going to throw bombs?

1160
01:13:40,708 --> 01:13:42,583
THIS SITUATION

1161
01:13:42,833 --> 01:13:46,833
Once we kill students and teachers,
they'll stop going.

1162
01:13:47,583 --> 01:13:49,333
The university will close.

1163
01:13:50,958 --> 01:13:53,333
You're doing that alone?

1164
01:13:57,333 --> 01:13:59,708
Well, there are two or three of us.

1165
01:14:00,208 --> 01:14:03,208
Two or three... But...

1166
01:14:03,333 --> 01:14:06,208
But during the Algerian War,

1167
01:14:06,458 --> 01:14:10,458
when Djamila Bouhired blew up
cafes, you defended her

1168
01:14:10,708 --> 01:14:15,083
while all the press was against her.

1169
01:14:15,958 --> 01:14:17,833
All of France was against her.

1170
01:14:18,083 --> 01:14:19,708
That's right.

1171
01:14:19,833 --> 01:14:22,583
Only there was a difference.

1172
01:14:22,708 --> 01:14:23,958
Tell me if I'm wrong.

1173
01:14:24,208 --> 01:14:26,333
Explain it to me.

1174
01:14:26,458 --> 01:14:30,708
There was a whole people
behind Djamila.

1175
01:14:30,958 --> 01:14:35,583
Men and women
were already fighting.

1176
01:14:35,833 --> 01:14:40,083
It was for independence
and I, too, want mine.

1177
01:14:40,208 --> 01:14:44,458
You want independence.
How many of you want it that way?

1178
01:14:44,583 --> 01:14:47,583
You told me two or three.

1179
01:14:48,833 --> 01:14:54,333
But many people don't realise it yet.
And we think for them.

1180
01:14:55,458 --> 01:14:56,458
It's for them.

1181
01:14:56,583 --> 01:14:59,958
You think you can make
a revolution for others?

1182
01:15:00,083 --> 01:15:03,583
But you agree
working is part of the struggle.

1183
01:15:03,708 --> 01:15:05,458
But what is the struggle?

1184
01:15:05,708 --> 01:15:07,083
THIS SITUATION MUST CHANGE

1185
01:15:07,208 --> 01:15:10,083
Look, if I want to know

1186
01:15:10,208 --> 01:15:12,583
revolutionary theory and methods,

1187
01:15:12,833 --> 01:15:15,833
I must participate in a revolution.

1188
01:15:16,458 --> 01:15:20,583
You can participate,
but you can't invent one.

1189
01:15:20,833 --> 01:15:24,708
But if I want knowledge,
I need practical experience.

1190
01:15:25,708 --> 01:15:28,833
- Do you agree?
- I do.

1191
01:15:28,958 --> 01:15:31,708
Only revolutionary practice

1192
01:15:31,833 --> 01:15:35,458
implies a knowledge of the situation.

1193
01:15:35,708 --> 01:15:37,958
The situation is bad.

1194
01:15:38,083 --> 01:15:41,208
You know that, but do you know...

1195
01:15:41,333 --> 01:15:43,083
And that'll make it known.

1196
01:15:44,208 --> 01:15:47,708
Do you know a possible remedy?

1197
01:15:47,958 --> 01:15:52,708
But authentic knowledge
comes from direct experience.

1198
01:15:53,333 --> 01:15:56,083
First-hand experience.

1199
01:15:56,333 --> 01:16:01,583
Does it tell you the content
to give your action?

1200
01:16:01,833 --> 01:16:05,458
Because terrorism is only a start.

1201
01:16:05,833 --> 01:16:08,208
- Isn't it terrorism?
- Yes, it is.

1202
01:16:08,333 --> 01:16:13,583
So terrorism supposes
underlying bases.

1203
01:16:14,583 --> 01:16:17,208
We've studied for two years.

1204
01:16:17,458 --> 01:16:21,583
For two years,
and how have you studied it?

1205
01:16:21,708 --> 01:16:24,583
We live the problem.

1206
01:16:24,708 --> 01:16:25,708
You live it.

1207
01:16:25,958 --> 01:16:29,333
You're no longer a student.
You may know nothing.

1208
01:16:29,458 --> 01:16:31,708
I still know a few things.

1209
01:16:31,833 --> 01:16:32,833
No, I'm sorry.

1210
01:16:33,083 --> 01:16:38,708
You're right. I know a few things.
Not as much as you, of course.

1211
01:16:38,958 --> 01:16:41,833
- I'm in it.
- I don't suffer directly.

1212
01:16:42,083 --> 01:16:43,833
I suffer and I'm not alone.

1213
01:16:43,958 --> 01:16:47,083
But what's the point

1214
01:16:47,333 --> 01:16:51,083
of killing people
if you don't know

1215
01:16:51,333 --> 01:16:54,833
what you'll do next,
if you don't know what terms...

1216
01:16:54,958 --> 01:16:57,083
But we know what we'll do.

1217
01:16:57,333 --> 01:17:00,083
So, what will you do afterwards?

1218
01:17:01,583 --> 01:17:03,583
I don't believe you know.

1219
01:17:03,833 --> 01:17:07,333
You only know
the present system is awful

1220
01:17:07,583 --> 01:17:09,583
and you're impatient to end it.

1221
01:17:09,708 --> 01:17:11,583
Not awful, just bad.

1222
01:17:11,833 --> 01:17:14,458
What we do afterwards
is not my work.

1223
01:17:14,708 --> 01:17:17,708
- You don't care.
- No, I don't.

1224
01:17:20,208 --> 01:17:23,958
Afterwards,
I'll continue studying the situation.

1225
01:17:24,208 --> 01:17:28,583
Where will you study it?

1226
01:17:29,708 --> 01:17:32,833
I'm only a worker
producing revolution.

1227
01:17:33,083 --> 01:17:37,083
So be a worker and really work.

1228
01:17:37,333 --> 01:17:42,458
The way you're going
you won't last a week, as I see it.

1229
01:17:42,708 --> 01:17:47,208
- Why?
- You'll be arrested long before.

1230
01:17:47,333 --> 01:17:50,583
But you ran from the police.

1231
01:17:50,833 --> 01:17:53,333
And it lasted a long time...

1232
01:17:53,458 --> 01:17:58,458
There were many sympathizers
among the population,

1233
01:17:58,708 --> 01:18:02,458
because even those
not quite in favour

1234
01:18:02,583 --> 01:18:06,083
of Algerian independence
didn't denounce us.

1235
01:18:06,708 --> 01:18:10,083
You have sympathizers,
but they won't go

1236
01:18:10,208 --> 01:18:14,083
as far as mass murder.

1237
01:18:14,333 --> 01:18:15,958
And it'll be mass murder.

1238
01:18:16,083 --> 01:18:19,208
We need help
since some Communists

1239
01:18:19,458 --> 01:18:22,958
are allied with revisionists
to denounce us.

1240
01:18:23,208 --> 01:18:26,083
- You didn't know.
- You're not prepared...

1241
01:18:26,333 --> 01:18:29,208
L'Humanite and Le Figaro
are in league now.

1242
01:18:29,458 --> 01:18:30,958
Alright.

1243
01:18:31,208 --> 01:18:34,458
But your action
will lead to nothing

1244
01:18:34,708 --> 01:18:40,708
if it isn't upheld
by a group, a class,

1245
01:18:40,958 --> 01:18:44,083
by many men and women

1246
01:18:44,333 --> 01:18:46,708
who agree entirely and will pay...

1247
01:18:46,833 --> 01:18:52,583
Take the young Russian nihilists,
for example.

1248
01:18:52,708 --> 01:18:54,708
So?

1249
01:18:55,458 --> 01:18:58,458
They made bombs
and criminal attempts.

1250
01:18:58,708 --> 01:19:02,458
And the 1917 revolution
came afterwards. In October.

1251
01:19:02,708 --> 01:19:06,958
You think you can compare
Czarist Russia

1252
01:19:07,083 --> 01:19:09,833
and the situation now in France?

1253
01:19:10,083 --> 01:19:13,083
You call yourself Marxist-Leninist.

1254
01:19:13,333 --> 01:19:17,458
Well, even if we can't
compare them,

1255
01:19:17,708 --> 01:19:21,333
we can draw a lesson from China.

1256
01:19:21,583 --> 01:19:25,958
But the lessons you draw
are very abstract.

1257
01:19:26,083 --> 01:19:29,083
You don't draw lessons
by superposing...

1258
01:19:29,333 --> 01:19:31,083
You think it's a mistake?

1259
01:19:31,333 --> 01:19:33,208
I think so.

1260
01:19:33,333 --> 01:19:36,208
You're heading towards a dead-end.

1261
01:19:36,458 --> 01:19:37,833
Some comrades

1262
01:19:37,958 --> 01:19:40,833
undertake their main task...

1263
01:19:41,083 --> 01:19:43,458
But not firmly in hand.

1264
01:19:44,208 --> 01:19:47,833
They can't do good work.

1265
01:19:48,083 --> 01:19:51,958
Committee Work Techniques,
13 March 1949.

1266
01:19:52,583 --> 01:19:55,083
It's not so much that.

1267
01:19:55,208 --> 01:19:58,208
I told you
the arguments were valid

1268
01:19:58,333 --> 01:20:00,708
but all mixed up.

1269
01:20:00,958 --> 01:20:03,583
Marxism is first of all a science.

1270
01:20:04,458 --> 01:20:05,958
And there,

1271
01:20:06,833 --> 01:20:12,083
the arguments were a mess,
off the cuff.

1272
01:20:12,333 --> 01:20:14,708
They were a bit like children.

1273
01:20:14,958 --> 01:20:18,583
Yes, you know the story
of the Egyptian children?

1274
01:20:20,458 --> 01:20:22,458
Then I'll tell you.

1275
01:20:23,833 --> 01:20:27,583
The Egyptians believed
their language

1276
01:20:28,708 --> 01:20:31,083
was that of the gods.

1277
01:20:31,333 --> 01:20:33,208
One day, to prove it,

1278
01:20:33,333 --> 01:20:37,083
they put new-born babies
in a house

1279
01:20:37,333 --> 01:20:39,583
far from any society

1280
01:20:40,458 --> 01:20:43,708
to see if they would learn to talk.

1281
01:20:45,458 --> 01:20:47,708
To speak Egyptian alone.

1282
01:20:49,458 --> 01:20:52,458
They came back 15 years later.

1283
01:20:53,333 --> 01:20:54,958
And What did they find?

1284
01:20:55,083 --> 01:21:00,208
The kids talking together,
but bleating like sheep.

1285
01:21:02,208 --> 01:21:04,208
They hadn't noticed

1286
01:21:04,458 --> 01:21:09,083
that next to the house
was a sheep-pen.

1287
01:21:11,083 --> 01:21:13,958
For us,
in that flat where we were,

1288
01:21:14,208 --> 01:21:17,583
Marxism-Leninism
was a bit like the sheep.

1289
01:21:18,708 --> 01:21:19,833
Any volunteers?

1290
01:21:20,958 --> 01:21:22,708
OK. Me.

1291
01:21:24,708 --> 01:21:26,708
I believe in terror.

1292
01:21:28,458 --> 01:21:31,958
For me, whole revolutions

1293
01:21:32,083 --> 01:21:35,208
are made of terror.

1294
01:21:35,458 --> 01:21:36,458
Who is it?

1295
01:21:36,708 --> 01:21:41,333
A bombless revolutionary
isn't a revolutionary.

1296
01:21:46,708 --> 01:21:49,333
For the moment, we're only a few.

1297
01:21:50,208 --> 01:21:53,583
Tomorrow, we'll be many.

1298
01:21:54,458 --> 01:21:58,208
Tomorrow, I may no longer exist.

1299
01:21:58,583 --> 01:22:01,708
I am happy, I am proud of that.

1300
01:22:01,833 --> 01:22:04,583
Terrorism is not an act
of liberation,

1301
01:22:04,708 --> 01:22:07,333
but a means to impose a programme.

1302
01:22:07,583 --> 01:22:09,583
Give me a bomb.

1303
01:22:10,333 --> 01:22:12,083
Give me a bomb.

1304
01:22:12,333 --> 01:22:14,708
Let's talk in the kitchen.

1305
01:22:14,958 --> 01:22:17,833
I suggest refusing Kirilov
and drawing lots.

1306
01:22:33,208 --> 01:22:35,208
You think he'll commit suicide?

1307
01:22:36,958 --> 01:22:38,583
I'm sure of it.

1308
01:22:41,958 --> 01:22:45,083
They say that,
but when the time comes...

1309
01:22:45,458 --> 01:22:48,083
It's been going on for two weeks.

1310
01:22:49,833 --> 01:22:52,208
But he's serious this time.

1311
01:22:56,333 --> 01:22:59,333
Still, he didn't want
to sign the paper.

1312
01:23:01,708 --> 01:23:03,208
Ask him again.

1313
01:23:05,833 --> 01:23:08,208
I tried all day yesterday.

1314
01:23:08,333 --> 01:23:10,083
You can't talk to him.

1315
01:23:10,333 --> 01:23:12,708
He doesn't want to.

1316
01:23:14,458 --> 01:23:16,708
He still has the revolver?

1317
01:23:17,833 --> 01:23:19,833
He's keeping it.

1318
01:23:20,083 --> 01:23:23,208
He'll give it up
once he's shot himself.

1319
01:23:55,833 --> 01:23:57,458
Listen, Serge...

1320
01:23:57,833 --> 01:23:59,583
Give me the paper.

1321
01:24:00,708 --> 01:24:02,208
In my pocket.

1322
01:24:06,583 --> 01:24:08,333
Leave me alone.

1323
01:24:09,458 --> 01:24:10,833
Did you sign it?

1324
01:24:18,333 --> 01:24:21,208
I, Serge Dimitri Kirilov,

1325
01:24:21,458 --> 01:24:24,208
have murdered Michael Sholokov,

1326
01:24:24,458 --> 01:24:27,208
the Soviet Minister of Culture,

1327
01:24:27,458 --> 01:24:31,958
in Paris
as the French government's guest.

1328
01:24:35,333 --> 01:24:37,958
The purpose of this murder was,

1329
01:24:38,208 --> 01:24:42,083
one, to stop the Soviet puppet
from inaugurating

1330
01:24:42,333 --> 01:24:44,583
the new university buildings

1331
01:24:44,833 --> 01:24:48,208
where he was to speak
before the puppet Malraux...

1332
01:24:48,333 --> 01:24:49,833
Go on.

1333
01:24:53,833 --> 01:24:56,958
Two, this is the first murder
in a series.

1334
01:24:57,083 --> 01:25:01,208
Violence will be the answer
to the cultural suffocation

1335
01:25:01,333 --> 01:25:04,833
willingly imposed
on the universities.

1336
01:25:05,083 --> 01:25:08,583
Serge Kirilov, 15 August 1967.
Very good.

1337
01:25:46,958 --> 01:25:49,333
Do I wear the hat or not?

1338
01:25:49,458 --> 01:25:50,708
No, I won't.

1339
01:25:50,958 --> 01:25:52,083
You have the gun?

1340
01:25:55,458 --> 01:25:56,958
What's his name again?

1341
01:25:57,083 --> 01:25:58,583
Uh, Shokolov...

1342
01:25:58,833 --> 01:26:01,458
No, Sholokov.

1343
01:26:01,958 --> 01:26:03,208
You sure?

1344
01:26:03,333 --> 01:26:04,958
Yes, that's it.

1345
01:26:06,708 --> 01:26:08,958
But I can't ask his name.

1346
01:26:09,208 --> 01:26:11,833
Do as we already said,
you ask for...

1347
01:26:12,083 --> 01:26:15,458
When he looks at the register,
you find Sholokov.

1348
01:26:16,708 --> 01:26:18,083
It will be upside down.

1349
01:26:18,333 --> 01:26:21,208
They write big, it's easy.

1350
01:26:26,958 --> 01:26:30,208
Alright.

1351
01:27:24,333 --> 01:27:25,458
So?

1352
01:27:26,208 --> 01:27:29,833
He opened the door and I fired.
Come on.

1353
01:27:30,458 --> 01:27:33,708
Shit, shit, stop.

1354
01:27:33,958 --> 01:27:35,333
What is it?

1355
01:27:37,208 --> 01:27:39,833
- I made a mistake.
- How's that?

1356
01:27:41,833 --> 01:27:45,083
I read Sholokov
upside down alright

1357
01:27:45,208 --> 01:27:47,458
and the room number 23.

1358
01:27:48,083 --> 01:27:51,208
But since it was upside down
linvefled.

1359
01:27:51,333 --> 01:27:54,458
That made it 32,
so I went to room 32.

1360
01:27:54,708 --> 01:27:57,583
You shot the guy in 32.

1361
01:27:57,833 --> 01:27:59,333
Go back.

1362
01:28:00,458 --> 01:28:02,958
But park in front this time.

1363
01:29:24,708 --> 01:29:26,083
We... Communists

1364
01:29:26,208 --> 01:29:27,208
...not only...

1365
01:29:27,333 --> 01:29:29,208
...do not fight...

1366
01:29:29,333 --> 01:29:30,708
...against just wars...

1367
01:29:30,958 --> 01:29:32,458
...but take an active part.

1368
01:29:34,458 --> 01:29:36,458
He committed suicide?

1369
01:29:36,583 --> 01:29:37,708
I didn't know.

1370
01:29:39,583 --> 01:29:42,583
Kirilov.

1371
01:29:43,583 --> 01:29:46,333
If Marxism-Leninism exists,

1372
01:29:47,333 --> 01:29:48,708
then anything goes.

1373
01:29:53,083 --> 01:29:54,833
That means we must pay...

1374
01:29:55,083 --> 01:29:56,708
Attention...

1375
01:29:56,958 --> 01:29:59,583
To the quantitative aspect
of a problem...

1376
01:29:59,833 --> 01:30:02,958
...and do quantitative analysis.

1377
01:30:03,208 --> 01:30:05,958
I'm fed up with this job!

1378
01:30:06,208 --> 01:30:09,208
You must participate
in changing reality.

1379
01:30:10,208 --> 01:30:13,833
Maybe I'll return to Besancon.

1380
01:30:14,833 --> 01:30:20,708
Will you join
the normal Communist Party?

1381
01:30:20,958 --> 01:30:24,458
Certainly, as soon as I find work.

1382
01:30:25,583 --> 01:30:29,583
I've applied at a laboratory.

1383
01:30:30,333 --> 01:30:32,583
And if it doesn't work out,

1384
01:30:32,833 --> 01:30:35,083
I'll go to East Germany.

1385
01:30:35,333 --> 01:30:36,958
They need chemists.

1386
01:30:38,958 --> 01:30:41,833
It's too bad about your quarrels.

1387
01:30:42,583 --> 01:30:44,833
I know it's stupid.

1388
01:30:46,083 --> 01:30:49,458
But you know, what I want...

1389
01:30:50,708 --> 01:30:52,708
...is some quiet.

1390
01:30:52,958 --> 01:30:54,458
They were too fanatical.

1391
01:30:55,583 --> 01:30:58,083
The silence of infinite space.

1392
01:30:58,208 --> 01:31:02,208
It's not silence that scares me,
but sound and fury.

1393
01:31:07,458 --> 01:31:09,833
You never saw them again?

1394
01:31:10,083 --> 01:31:12,083
I don't know what became of them.

1395
01:31:12,333 --> 01:31:14,958
YEAR ZERO THEATRE

1396
01:31:37,083 --> 01:31:38,458
THE

1397
01:31:45,333 --> 01:31:47,333
THEATRICAL

1398
01:31:54,708 --> 01:31:56,708
VOCATION

1399
01:32:05,833 --> 01:32:07,208
OF

1400
01:32:19,208 --> 01:32:21,458
GUILLAUME MEISTER

1401
01:32:27,083 --> 01:32:28,833
Look, how funny.

1402
01:32:28,958 --> 01:32:32,458
ALL ROADS LEAD TO PEKING

1403
01:32:32,708 --> 01:32:34,833
It's disgusting. Mum will be furious.

1404
01:32:35,083 --> 01:32:36,958
They put up your cousin.

1405
01:32:43,333 --> 01:32:46,083
Maybe they killed the minister.

1406
01:32:46,208 --> 01:32:47,958
I hope inside is alright.

1407
01:32:54,208 --> 01:32:56,333
AND

1408
01:32:56,583 --> 01:32:57,958
Fruit and vegetables!

1409
01:32:58,083 --> 01:33:00,208
HIS

1410
01:33:02,333 --> 01:33:04,458
YEARS

1411
01:33:04,583 --> 01:33:06,583
Lettuce, tomatoes...

1412
01:33:06,708 --> 01:33:08,958
OF

1413
01:33:09,208 --> 01:33:11,333
Radishes and eggs: 10 cents!

1414
01:33:11,458 --> 01:33:13,583
One price, fruit and vegetables!

1415
01:33:14,583 --> 01:33:15,958
One lettuce: 10 cents.

1416
01:33:16,208 --> 01:33:19,458
APPRENTICESHIP

1417
01:33:20,083 --> 01:33:23,958
10 cents, one price,
try your luck.

1418
01:33:24,958 --> 01:33:27,458
AND

1419
01:33:29,958 --> 01:33:32,208
OF

1420
01:33:40,958 --> 01:33:43,833
TRAVELS ON THE ROAD

1421
01:33:55,333 --> 01:33:57,208
I don't want to see anyone.

1422
01:33:57,333 --> 01:34:01,458
Don't be hurt if my zeal
breaks the secret of your solitude.

1423
01:34:04,583 --> 01:34:07,208
How long have you been so afraid?

1424
01:34:07,458 --> 01:34:09,208
Since Marcel left me.

1425
01:34:10,833 --> 01:34:16,833
Under what sign did you bring into
the world such an unhappy creature?

1426
01:34:17,083 --> 01:34:19,083
OF A TRUE

1427
01:34:19,333 --> 01:34:20,208
What'll I do?

1428
01:34:21,208 --> 01:34:26,083
Never doubt a god is fighting
for you. The sacrifice is over.

1429
01:34:26,208 --> 01:34:29,208
SOCIALIST THEATRE

1430
01:34:29,458 --> 01:34:31,208
Just join the Marxists.

1431
01:34:31,333 --> 01:34:33,083
I want vengeance.

1432
01:34:33,708 --> 01:34:36,333
- You'll lose.
- Get out of here.

1433
01:34:36,583 --> 01:34:37,958
But why leave?

1434
01:34:39,458 --> 01:34:41,958
Why be your own enemy?

1435
01:34:43,583 --> 01:34:46,083
I have too much pain.

1436
01:34:50,458 --> 01:34:54,083
Enough, stop.
It's time to be logical.

1437
01:34:54,208 --> 01:34:57,333
LAST SCENE OF THE MOVIE

1438
01:35:06,583 --> 01:35:09,083
What shall I tell them?

1439
01:35:09,208 --> 01:35:10,833
I'll write to them.

1440
01:35:11,833 --> 01:35:13,583
You're crazy.

1441
01:35:14,333 --> 01:35:15,583
A dreamer.

1442
01:35:20,833 --> 01:35:24,958
OK, it's fiction,
but it brings me closer to reality.

1443
01:35:28,458 --> 01:35:32,083
Everything must be ready Saturday.
Coming, Blandine?

1444
01:35:35,333 --> 01:35:36,958
Think about it.

1445
01:35:51,833 --> 01:35:53,583
It was all thought out.

1446
01:35:53,708 --> 01:35:57,083
The end of summer
meant back to school for me.

1447
01:35:57,333 --> 01:35:59,833
A struggle for me
and some comrades.

1448
01:36:00,083 --> 01:36:01,958
On the other hand, I was wrong.

1449
01:36:02,208 --> 01:36:04,208
I thought I'd made a leap forward.

1450
01:36:04,458 --> 01:36:05,708
And I realised

1451
01:36:05,833 --> 01:36:09,083
I'd made only the first timid step
of a long march.