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Anonymous
You'll lose both fat and muscle...and water weight. As you burn fat for energy, your body starts to dehydrate itself as it needs water to work the chemical reactions required to tap into stored fat and burn it off as energy. Basically, any time you are losing fat, you are also losing water, thus drinking more water is beneficial to the overall process of burning fat. And it also makes your complexion look good.
As for muscle, you'll lose it along with the fat provided you are taking in less calories and you are not actively working your muscles. That's just how the human body works, it's biology. Your body gets energy from non-essential tissues first, those being fat and muscle. Fat's only purpose on the human body is to be an emergency energy source and to help break down certain vitamins (and, well, it helps keep you warm). And we all know that muscles are the tools that allow you to move your body all around when working in conjunction with your nervous system.
As important as these tissues are, they are not required to keep your most vital organs functioning, so they get burned off for energy when you are not taking in enough calories to run your vital organs. Even if you worked out your muscles while on a calorie restricted diet, you'd be fighting mostly an uphill battle to maintain them.
tl;dr: Lowering calories will not exclusively target fat.
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